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Antihypertensive Drugs II: Angiotensin Receptor Antagonists and Mineralocorticoid Receptor Antagonists

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Antihypertensive Drugs II: Angiotensin Receptor Antagonists and Mineralocorticoid Receptor Antagonists

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Questions and Answers

Which mechanism is responsible for the long-term control of blood pressure by altering blood volume?

Stimulation of cardiac β1 receptors increasing heart rate and force of contraction

Baroreceptors and the sympathetic nervous system

Renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (correct)

Stimulation of α1 receptors causing vasoconstriction

Which component of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system stimulates aldosterone secretion by the adrenal glands?

Angiotensin I

Angiotensinogen

Renin

Angiotensin II (correct)

What is the primary effect of stimulating α1 receptors in the context of blood pressure regulation?

Vasoconstriction (correct)

Increasing heart rate and force of contraction

Stimulating aldosterone secretion

Promoting rapid vasoconstriction

Which adverse effect of angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors (ACEI) is rare but potentially fatal?

Angioedema Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following ACEIs does not require dose adjustment in patients with renal impairment?

Fosinopril Signup and view all the answers

In which condition is Lisinopril preferred over other ACEIs?

Severe hepatic impairment Signup and view all the answers

What is a compelling indication for the first-line treatment of hypertension with ACEIs?

Chronic kidney disease Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) in the Renin-Angiotensin–Aldosterone System?

Converts angiotensin I to angiotensin II Signup and view all the answers

How do Angiotensin Receptor Antagonists work in the context of the Renin-Angiotensin–Aldosterone System?

Block the AT1 receptor to prevent vasoconstriction Signup and view all the answers

What is the impact of decreased arterial pressure or volume depletion on the Renin-Angiotensin–Aldosterone System?

Decreased GFR due to increased efferent arteriolar vasoconstriction Signup and view all the answers