16 Questions
How are the light and heavy chains of an antibody molecule connected?
Each light chain is attached to one heavy chain, and the two heavy chains are attached to each other, all by disulfide bonds.
What are the components of an antibody molecule?
An antibody molecule is composed of four polypeptide chains - two identical heavy (H) chains and two identical light (L) chains.
What is the structure of an Ig domain?
An Ig domain consists of two layers of a β-pleated sheet held together by a disulfide bridge.
How many C domains does a heavy chain of an antibody molecule have?
A heavy chain has three or four C domains.
What are the features of antigen receptors of B and T lymphocytes important for their functions in adaptive immunity?
The antigen receptors of B and T lymphocytes have many similarities in terms of structure and mechanisms of signaling.
What are the fundamental differences in the types of antigenic structures recognized by B cells and T cells?
B cells recognize antigens using antibodies, while T cells recognize antigens using T cell receptors.
What are the three CDRs responsible for antigen recognition in Ig molecules?
V regions
Where is the greatest variability found among the three hypervariable regions in Ig molecules?
CDR3
What is the fragment of an antibody that contains the portion required for antigen recognition?
Fab (fragment, antigen-binding)
What is the portion of the antibody that tends to crystallize in solution?
Fc (fragment, crystalline) region
What region of the antibody molecule allows the two antigen-binding Fab regions to move independently?
Hinge region
How many identical Fab regions that bind antigen are there in each Ig molecule?
Two
Where is the C-terminal end of the heavy chain anchored in some Ig molecules?
Plasma membrane
How many types of heavy chains are there in Ig molecules?
Five
What are the antigen receptors of naive B lymphocytes?
Membrane-bound IgM and IgD
What happens to the antigen-specific B lymphocyte clone after stimulation by antigen and helper T lymphocytes?
Expand and differentiate
Learn about the structure and function of antigen receptors of B and T lymphocytes in adaptive immunity. This quiz covers the fundamental differences and similarities in their structure, mechanisms of signaling, and types of antigenic structures they interact with.
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