70 Questions
Which cells present peptides from endogenous proteins?
CD8+ T cells
What type of cells recognize MHC class II?
CD4+ T cells
Why do T cells need to work with antigen presenting cells?
To determine which peptides will be presented during initial activation
What is the main difference between B cells and T cells in recognizing antigens?
B cells recognize native antigens
What type of peptides does MHC class II present?
Exogenous peptides
What cells need to be able to distinguish between external and internal antigens?
CD8+ T cells
What is the purpose of antigen processing and presentation?
To understand T cell reliance on antigen presenting cells
Which cells recognize MHC class I?
CD8+ T cells
What is the learning outcome of the lecture?
To understand T cell reliance on antigen presenting cells
Which type of antigen is presented on Class I MHC molecules to CD8+ T cells?
Endogenous antigens
Which cellular compartment is responsible for the generation of Class I MHC peptides?
Cytoplasm
What is the role of TAP proteins in antigen processing?
Facilitating selective transport of peptides into the ER
Which type of antigens activate cytotoxic CD8+ T cells for killing infected cells and tumor cells?
Endogenous antigens
Which viral protein can selectively bind to TAP and inhibit the transfer of peptides into the ER?
ICP47
Which pathway is responsible for generating peptides bound to MHC Class II molecules?
Endocytic processing pathway
What prevents MHC Class II from binding self peptides in the ER?
Invariant chain (Ii)
Which type of antigens activate CD4+ T cells?
Exogenous antigens
Which viral protein reduces MHC Class II processing and inhibits the production of invariant chain peptide?
Glycoprotein B
What is the sequence of events in a T cell dependent B cell response?
Antigen binding to BCR, CD4+ T cell recognition of antigen-MHC complex, CD80 on B-cell binding to CD28 on T cell
Which type of peptides are recognized by CD8+ T cells?
Endogenous peptides
What is the main function of CD8+ T cells?
Recognize and kill both infected and tumor cells
Which type of cells present antigens on MHC class II molecules?
CD4+ T cells
What is the role of MHC class II molecules?
Recognize exogenous peptides
How are exogenous antigens processed in the cell?
Through the lysosome
Which type of cells recognize MHC class I molecules?
T cells
What is the function of MHC class II molecules?
Present peptides from exogenous proteins
Why do T cells need antigen presenting cells?
To receive antigens in the context of MHC molecules
Which type of antigens can B cells recognize?
Native or unprocessed antigens
What is the main difference between B cells and T cells in recognizing antigens?
B cells recognize native antigens, while T cells require antigen presentation
What is the cellular compartment where MHC Class I molecules load peptides?
Endoplasmic reticulum
Which accessory proteins are involved in peptide loading of MHC Class II molecules?
CD40 ligand
What is the fate of a B cell after it becomes an experienced antigen?
It becomes a plasma cell
What is the main function of plasma cells?
They produce antibodies
Which type of T cells recognize antigens presented on MHC Class II molecules?
CD4+ T helper cells
What is the function of lysosomes in antigen processing and presentation?
They break down proteins into peptides
Where do MHC class II molecules encounter antigens?
In the phagosome
What prevents endogenous peptides from binding to MHC class II molecules in the endoplasmic reticulum?
The presence of clip peptides
Where are MHC class II molecules loaded with peptides?
In the endosome
How do viruses evade MHC class II antigen presentation?
By reducing MHC class II processing
What is the role of antigen presenting cells in the immune response?
To present antigens to T cells
Which cells can act as antigen presenting cells?
Dendritic cells, macrophages, and B cells
What is the main difference between MHC Class I and MHC Class II molecules?
MHC Class I presents antigens from within the cell, while MHC Class II presents antigens from outside the cell
What is the function of TAP proteins in antigen processing?
To transport antigens from the cytoplasm to the plasma reticulum
What is the significance of the turnover of proteins inside a cell?
It ensures a constant supply of antigens for presentation
Which type of peptides are presented on MHC Class II molecules?
Peptides from exogenous proteins
What is the main difference between MHC Class I and MHC Class II molecules?
MHC Class I is expressed on antigen-presenting cells, while MHC Class II is expressed on all cells
What is the role of MHC Class I molecules in antigen presentation?
To present peptides from endogenous proteins to CD8+ T cells
What is the purpose of antigen processing and presentation?
To activate CD8+ T cells and kill infected cells
What happens to MHC Class II molecules after they present peptides to CD4+ T cells?
They are recycled back to the cell surface
Which enzyme is responsible for the genetic recombination of variable, diversity, and joining regions in B cells and T cells?
RAG-1 and RAG-2
What is the process called that refines B cell receptor recognition of antigen?
Somatic hypermutation
What is the last step in a B cell's response to antigen, which replaces the constant region of the antibody?
Class switch recombination
Which pathway is responsible for processing exogenous antigens, such as pathogens?
Exogenous antigen presentation pathway
Which cellular compartment is responsible for breaking down exogenous antigens into peptides?
Phagolysosome
Which type of T cells recognize MHC class II complexed peptides?
CD4+ T cells
Which type of T cells recognize MHC class I complexed peptides?
CD8+ T cells
What is the main function of CD40L on T cells and CD40 on B cells?
Provides a second activation signal
Which type of cells present antigens on MHC class II molecules?
Antigen presenting cells
What is the purpose of antigen processing and presentation?
To generate an immune response
Which cells express CD3 and either CD4 or CD8?
T cells
Where do B cells and T cells develop?
Bone marrow
What is the purpose of positive selection in B cells and T cells?
Promotes survival
How do B cells and T cells generate an immune response?
B cells recognize native antigen, T cells recognize processed peptides
Which type of T cells recognize MHC class II molecules?
CD4+ T cells
How do B cells take up antigen?
Through specific binding to their B cell receptor
Which cells are capable of recognizing a large range of pathogens via pattern recognition receptors?
Macrophages
Which type of cells undergo positive and negative selection?
T cells
Which type of cells need antigen to be processed into peptides and presented in the context of MHC molecules?
T cells
Which type of cells express CD19 and CD20?
B cells
Test your knowledge on antigen processing and presentation with this quiz! Learn about the importance of T cells working with antigen presenting cells, the role of MHC class I and class II in presenting different types of peptides, and how CD8+ and CD4+ T cells recognize MHC molecules. Put your understanding to the test and see how much you've learned!
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