Antidepressants: TCA's vs. SSRI's
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Questions and Answers

What are the most commonly used drugs for bipolar disorder?

  • Lithium and valproate (correct)
  • Bupropion and venlafaxine
  • Carbamazepine and SSRI's
  • Olanzapine and risperidone
  • Which drug used for bipolar disorder has a low therapeutic index?

  • Valproate
  • Carbamazepine
  • Lithium (correct)
  • Bupropion
  • What adverse effect is associated with therapeutic doses of lithium?

  • Hypotension
  • Excessive sedation
  • Confusion
  • Fine hand tremor (correct)
  • Which drug is used for psychotic mania and to prevent bipolar mania and depression?

    <p>Olanzapine</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What can happen if there is low plasma sodium in a patient on lithium therapy?

    <p>Retention of lithium leading to toxicity</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of antidepressant selectively blocks the reuptake of serotonin into nerves?

    <p>Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors (SSRI’s)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a side effect associated with Tricyclic Antidepressants (TCA’s overdose?

    <p>Lower margin of safety</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which antidepressants have a black box warning for suicidal thinking in children, adolescents, and young adults?

    <p>Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors (SSRI’s)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which drug is known to cause yawngasm as a side effect?

    <p>Clomipramine</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main therapeutic use of Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors (SSRI’s)?

    <p>Antidepressant effects</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are some common withdrawal symptoms associated with Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors (SSRI’s)?

    <p>Headache, nausea, anxiety</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which class of antidepressants is known for having effects similar to SSRI's but with more adverse effects?

    <p>Serotonin/norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors (SNRI’s)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which atypical drug is known for its stimulant activity and is used for treating depression and smoking cessation?

    <p>Bupropion (Wellbutrin, Zyban)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which adverse effect is commonly associated with Bupropion (Wellbutrin, Zyban)?

    <p>Agitation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which neurotransmitters does Mirtazepine (Remeron) release?

    <p>NE and 5-HT</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What severe adverse effect is associated with Monoamine Oxidase Inhibitors (MAOI’s) when taken with norepinephrine releasing drugs?

    <p>Hypertensive crisis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In the treatment of which disorder should St. John’s Wort be used with caution due to its potential to induce fluctuations in mood?

    <p>Bipolar Disorder</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main mechanism of action for tricyclic antidepressants (TCAs)?

    <p>Block the reuptake of norepinephrine and serotonin into nerves.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which group of drugs is considered the second line for depression treatment due to a higher incidence of adverse effects?

    <p>Tricyclic antidepressants (TCAs)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main neurotransmitter deficiency implicated in depression according to the text?

    <p>Norepinephrine (NE) and/or serotonin (5-HT)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which class of drugs is commonly used as first-line treatment for neuropathic pain and fibromyalgia besides depression?

    <p>Tricyclic antidepressants (TCAs)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which group of antidepressants typically takes weeks to develop their full therapeutic effects?

    <p>Tricyclic antidepressants (TCAs)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main reason tricyclic antidepressants (TCAs) are not commonly used as first-line drugs for depression?

    <p>Longer time to reach maximal antidepressant effects.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main reason for measuring plasma lithium levels when using lithium to treat bipolar disorder?

    <p>To ensure therapeutic levels and avoid toxicity</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which adverse effect is NOT associated with therapeutic doses of lithium in treating bipolar disorder?

    <p>Coarse tremor</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which neurotransmitter system is primarily affected by mood stabilizers like valproate in the treatment of bipolar disorder?

    <p>GABAergic system</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a potential consequence of low plasma sodium levels in a patient on lithium therapy?

    <p>Risk of lithium toxicity</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which psychiatric symptom can olanzapine and risperidone help manage in bipolar disorder?

    <p>Psychotic mania</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a common adverse effect associated with Venlafaxine (Effexor) and Duloxetine (Cymbalta)?

    <p>Hypertensive crisis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary mechanism of action of tricyclic antidepressants (TCA’s)?

    <p>Blocking the reuptake of dopamine and serotonin</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which group of antidepressants is characterized by a higher incidence of adverse effects and not commonly used as first-line drugs for depression treatment?

    <p>Tricyclic antidepressants (TCA’s)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which atypical drug is known for causing little sexual dysfunction and common drowsiness?

    <p>Mirtazapine (Remeron)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which adverse effect is commonly seen with Monoamine Oxidase Inhibitors (MAOIs) like Phenelzine (Nardil)?

    <p>Orthostatic hypotension</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What neurotransmitter deficiency is associated with the monoamine neurotransmitter deficiency hypothesis of depression?

    <p>Serotonin and norepinephrine</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary reason why Monoamine Oxidase Inhibitors (MAOIs) are considered third-line antidepressants?

    <p>High efficacy but severe adverse effects</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which antidepressant group typically requires months for maximal therapeutic effects to be achieved?

    <p>Tricyclic antidepressants (TCA’s)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which drug is known to have a stimulant activity, no weight gain, and is used for smoking cessation?

    <p>Bupropion (Wellbutrin)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which group of drugs is considered first-line for neuropathic pain and fibromyalgia treatment besides depression?

    <p>Tricyclic antidepressants (TCA’s)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a significant adverse effect associated with St. John’s Wort when used in individuals with bipolar disorder?

    <p>Mania</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a common adverse effect associated with therapeutic doses of lithium in bipolar disorder treatment?

    <p>Hypothyroidism</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which group of antidepressants is associated with the risk of neonatal effects in newborns, such as abstinence syndrome and pulmonary hypertension?

    <p>Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors (SSRI’s)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which class of antidepressants is known for causing withdrawal symptoms such as headache, nausea, anxiety, and dysphoria when the dose is tapered off?

    <p>Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors (SSRI’s)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which antidepressant class is specifically noted for a side effect known as 'Yawngasm'?

    <p>Tricyclic Antidepressants (TCA’s)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which class of antidepressants is considered the first-line treatment due to being effective with fewer adverse effects and developing maximal antidepressant effects in months?

    <p>Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors (SSRI’s)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of antidepressants have a black box warning specifically for an increased risk of suicidal thinking and behavior in children, adolescents, and young adults?

    <p>Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors (SSRI’s)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which class of antidepressants is noted to have a lower margin of safety in cases of overdose leading to cardiac arrhythmias and toxicity?

    <p>Tricyclic Antidepressants (TCA’s)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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