Antibiotics and Antimicrobials
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Questions and Answers

What is the difference between a bactericidal and a bacteriostatic drug?

  • Bactericidal drugs are only effective against Gram-negative bacteria
  • Bacteriostatic drugs kill bacteria
  • Bactericidal drugs inhibit the growth of bacteria
  • Bacteriostatic drugs do not kill bacteria, but inhibit their growth (correct)

Which of the following is true about antibiotics?

  • Antibiotics are only produced by fungi
  • Antibiotics kill or inhibit the growth of microorganisms (correct)
  • Antibiotics are only effective against bacteria
  • Antibiotics are synthetic agents

Which of the following is true about resistance plasmids (R plasmids, R factors)?

  • They replicate dependent on the bacterial chromosome.
  • They can only be transferred by transformation.
  • They are located within the bacterial chromosome.
  • They carry genes for enzymes that can degrade antibiotics. (correct)

What is the difference between broad-spectrum and narrow-spectrum antibiotics?

<p>Broad-spectrum antibiotics are active against one or very few types of microorganisms (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main role of transposons in resistance plasmids?

<p>To disseminate resistance genes more rapidly. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is one reason why bacteria can be resistant to antibiotics even if the drug is present in the body?

<p>The drug cannot penetrate the abscess cavity effectively (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Under what circumstances can organisms that are killed by penicillin become insensitive to the drug?

<p>When they lose their cell walls and resynthesize them. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a mechanism that bacteria use to become resistant to antibiotics?

<p>All of the above (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is an example of bacteria reducing permeability to a drug?

<p>Changes in porins reducing the amount of penicillin entering the bacterium (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following best describes the effect of combining two drugs acting separately?

<p>The effect is significantly greater than the sum of the effects of the two drugs (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is an example of a drug combination that exhibits synergism?

<p>Combination of a sulfonamide with trimethoprim (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following best describes the effect of combining penicillin with a bacteriostatic drug?

<p>The result is significantly lower activity than the sum of the activities of the two drugs alone (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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