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Antibiotic Selection in Bacterial Transformation

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Questions and Answers

What is the significance of bacteria not glowing under UV light in this scenario?

It indicates that they have taken up recombinant plasmids.

Why was insulin extracted from animals before the discovery of gene cloning techniques?

Because people living with diabetes required it to be administered artificially into their body.

What is the quaternary structure of the insulin protein?

It consists of two polypeptide chains known as the alpha and beta subunits.

Why do we require two different recombinant plasmids and two different transformed bacteria samples to produce insulin?

Because insulin consists of two polypeptide chains (alpha and beta subunits) that need to be produced separately. Signup and view all the answers

What is the advantage of producing human insulin using recombinant plasmids compared to extracting it from animals?

It is significantly cheaper and more effective at regulating blood glucose levels. Signup and view all the answers

What is the process of insulin production in the human body that is replicated in the lab?

The individual folding of the alpha and beta subunits, followed by their joining together by a disulphide bridge. Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of using an antibiotic-rich plate in bacterial transformation?

To distinguish between transformed and untransformed bacteria, as only transformed bacteria with the antibiotic resistance gene will survive. Signup and view all the answers

What does each colony on a plate represent in a bacterial transformation experiment?

A single transformation event where a bacterium has taken up a plasmid and formed a colony of identical daughter cells. Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of a reporter gene in a plasmid vector?

To distinguish between recombinant and non-recombinant plasmids, as the reporter gene is interrupted by the gene of interest in recombinant plasmids. Signup and view all the answers

Why do bacteria transformed with non-recombinant plasmids glow under UV light?

Because the reporter gene is continuous and fully expressed, producing a fluorescent protein that glows under UV light. Signup and view all the answers

What is the difference between recombinant and non-recombinant plasmids?

Recombinant plasmids have the gene of interest inserted, interrupting the reporter gene, whereas non-recombinant plasmids do not have this insertion. Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of using a restriction enzyme in a plasmid vector?

To create a site for the insertion of the gene of interest, interrupting the reporter gene. Signup and view all the answers

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