Antianginal Drugs Overview Quiz

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Questions and Answers

What is the recommended duration for wearing a Nitroglycerin patch?

12-16 hours

8-12 hours (correct)

18-24 hours

5-8 hours

Which action should be avoided when taking Isosorbide Dinitrate?

Pairing it with a high-fat meal

Taking it with a full glass of water

Taking it with grapefruit juice (correct)

Chewing the tablet before swallowing

What is the main use of Cardiotonic-Inotropic drugs in the context of heart failure treatment?

To reduce heart rate

To provide inotropic support in heart failure (correct)

To treat dysrhythmias

To lower blood pressure

What is the primary mechanism of action of Nifedipine, the prototype used for long-term prevention of angina?

Inhibits calcium influx to produce vasodilation Signup and view all the answers

Which type of patient would benefit from Isosorbide Dinitrate based on its mechanism of action?

A patient with coronary artery disease Signup and view all the answers

What should be done before applying a Nitroglycerin patch to a patient?

Removing the old patch and washing the skin Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary mechanism of action of antianginal drugs like nitroglycerine?

Stimulating nitric oxide formation leading to vasodilation Signup and view all the answers

Why should men taking Viagra avoid using nitroglycerine as an antianginal treatment?

Both drugs cause vasodilation and can lead to severe hypotension Signup and view all the answers

What is the recommended procedure if chest pain is unrelieved after taking three doses of sublingual or transmucosal spray of nitroglycerine?

Call emergency services (911) Signup and view all the answers

Why is it important to store nitroglycerine in an airtight and dark container?

To avoid moisture and inactivation by light, heat, and air Signup and view all the answers

What is the reason behind advising patients to sit or lie down after taking nitroglycerine?

To avoid syncope due to hypotension Signup and view all the answers

Why is it recommended to avoid storing nitroglycerine in the bathroom?

To maintain its potency by avoiding exposure to moisture and heat Signup and view all the answers

What is the mechanism of action of digoxin?

Inhibits NA-K ATPase enzyme Signup and view all the answers

What symptom is NOT associated with digoxin toxicity?

Tachycardia Signup and view all the answers

Which electrolyte imbalance increases the risk of digoxin toxicity?

Low Magnesium (Mg) Signup and view all the answers

What is the antidote for digoxin toxicity?

Digibind Signup and view all the answers

Which medication class is used to decrease the heart's workload and prolong survival in heart failure?

Beta Adrenergic Blockers Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary action of milrinone in treating heart failure?

Vasodilation and decreased afterload Signup and view all the answers

What is the main reason for using calcium channel blockers in the context provided?

To control heart rate Signup and view all the answers

Which adverse effect can be worsened by the negative inotropic effects of calcium channel blockers?

Myocardial infarction size Signup and view all the answers

What is the mechanism of action of adenosine in the context provided?

Depresses conduction at the AV node Signup and view all the answers

How does adenosine differ from calcium channel blockers in terms of half-life?

Adenosine has a shorter half-life Signup and view all the answers

Why is it important to administer adenosine quickly?

To prevent its elimination before reaching the heart Signup and view all the answers

What effect do calcium channel blockers have on the drive to compensate for increased myocardial oxygen demand?

Suppress the drive Signup and view all the answers

Which drug is the first choice for heart failure (HF) according to the text?

Spironolactone Signup and view all the answers

What is the mechanism of action of class Ia antiarrhythmic drugs?

Reduces automaticity and slows conduction throughout the cardiac system Signup and view all the answers

Which class of drugs is used for atrial and ventricular dysrhythmias, angina, and tachycardia?

Beta adrenergic blocking agents Signup and view all the answers

Which drug has vasodilating effects and decreases systemic vascular resistance (SVR)?

Hydralazine Signup and view all the answers

What is a common adverse effect of amiodarone as mentioned in the text?

Hypotension and bradycardia Signup and view all the answers

Which antiarrhythmic drug is contraindicated for atrial dysrhythmias?

Propranolol Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary use of hydralazine as per the text?

Block action of angiotensin II for lower blood pressure Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Nitroglycerin and Isosorbide Dinitrate

Nitroglycerin patches should be worn for 12-14 hours, followed by a 10-12 hour patch-free period.
Avoid abrupt cessation of Isosorbide Dinitrate to prevent rebound angina.
Cardiotonic-Inotropic drugs, like digoxin, are used to increase contractility and improve cardiac output in heart failure treatment.

Calcium Channel Blockers

Nifedipine, a prototype, works by reducing systemic vascular resistance (SVR) and increasing coronary blood flow, making it suitable for long-term prevention of angina.
Patients with angina and hypertension would benefit from Isosorbide Dinitrate, due to its vasodilating effects.
Before applying a Nitroglycerin patch, the patient's skin should be clean and dry.

Mechanisms of Action

Antianginal drugs like nitroglycerine work by reducing myocardial oxygen demand and increases coronary blood flow.
Men taking Viagra should avoid using nitroglycerine due to increased risk of hypotension.
If chest pain is unrelieved after taking three doses of sublingual or transmucosal spray of nitroglycerine, the patient should seek medical attention.

Nitroglycerin Storage and Use

Nitroglycerine should be stored in an airtight and dark container to maintain its potency.
Patients should sit or lie down after taking nitroglycerine to minimize postural hypotension.
Avoid storing nitroglycerine in the bathroom due to humidity and light exposure.

Digoxin and Other Medications

Digoxin works by increasing cardiac contractility and reducing heart rate.
Headache is NOT associated with digoxin toxicity.
Hypokalemia (low potassium levels) increases the risk of digoxin toxicity.
Digoxin toxicity can be treated with digoxin immune fab.

Heart Failure Treatment

Medications like beta blockers, ACE inhibitors, and ARBs are used to decrease the heart's workload and prolong survival in heart failure.
Milrinone increases cardiac contractility and reduces systemic vascular resistance (SVR) in treating heart failure.

Adenosine and Calcium Channel Blockers

Adenosine works by slowing down the heart rate and increasing coronary blood flow.
Adenosine has a shorter half-life compared to calcium channel blockers.
Adenosine should be administered quickly due to its short half-life.
Calcium channel blockers reduce the drive to compensate for increased myocardial oxygen demand.

Miscellaneous

Beta blockers are the first choice for heart failure (HF) according to the text.
Class Ia antiarrhythmic drugs, like quinidine, work by blocking sodium channels.
Class I antiarrhythmic drugs are used for atrial and ventricular dysrhythmias, angina, and tachycardia.
Hydralazine has vasodilating effects and decreases systemic vascular resistance (SVR).
Amiodarone can cause pulmonary fibrosis as a common adverse effect.
Quinidine is contraindicated for atrial dysrhythmias.
Hydralazine is used to treat heart failure and hypertension.

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Description

Test your knowledge of the drug names, classes, mechanisms of action, uses, adverse effects, contraindications, and nursing implications of antianginal drugs. Focus on how these drugs stimulate nitric oxide formation, act on smooth muscles of peripheral and coronary vascular bed, and reduce workload of the heart.