Anti-Infective Overview and Case Management

Anti-Infective Overview

• Anti-infectives are medications used to treat infections caused by microorganisms.
• This presentation details different types of anti-infective agents.
• Key learning objectives include understanding various uses, determining appropriate doses, managing side effects, and counseling patients about anti-infectives.

Case Management Steps

• The case management process involves several steps:
  • Welcoming the patient
  • Assessing symptoms (using WWHAM)
  • Gathering a complete medical history
  • Counseling the patient
  • Closing & Follow-Up
  • Patient Education
  • Complementary Treatment

Anti-Infective Agents

• The types of anti-infective agents include:
  • Antibiotic (treats bacterial infections)
  • Antifungal (treats fungal infections)
  • Antiprotozoal (treats protozoal infections)
  • Antiviral (treats viral infections)
  • Anthelmintic (treats parasitic worm infections)

Classification of Bacteria

• Bacteria are classified as typical or atypical
• Gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria are key subdivisions within typical bacteria.
• Atypical bacteria, such as Chlamydia, Mycoplasma, and Legionella, are characterized by lacking cell walls, and are frequently intracellular.

Selection of Antibiotic

• Empiric therapy is crucial before identifying the organism.
• Site of infection and patient factors are key considerations.
• Complications of antibiotic therapy are important to note.
• Common bacterial infections and locations in the body are listed.

Classification of Antibiotics

• Antibiotics are classified based on their mechanisms of action.
• Specific examples of types of antibiotics mentioned include penicillins, cephalosporins, B-Lactamase Inhibitors, and Fosfomycin.
• Additional details about particular antibiotics' usage are provided.

Exercises & Questions

• Sample exercises for determining appropriate antibiotic dosage for children based on weight are included.
• Antibiotic classifications have been categorized and examples of types.

Antifungals

• Antifungals are medications used to treat fungal infections.
• Specific antifungals categories mentioned are:
• Azoles (Fluconazole and Itraconazole) are examples of antifungal medications.
  • These have varying uses and side effects

Antiprotozoals

• Antiprotozoals are medications used to treat infections caused by protozoa.
• Specific examples of antiprotozoals (Metronidazole and Tinidazole) are discussed and categorized, with details about their functions, dosages, and side effects.

Antivirals

• Antivirals are medications used to treat viral infections.
• Specific classes of antivirals (Oseltamivir) are discussed and categorized, with details about their functions, dosages, and side effects.

Herpesvirus Infections

• Herpesvirus infections are treatable with specific antivirals (Acyclovir)
• These are administered orally or topically.

Anthelmintics

• Anthelmintics are medications designed for eliminating parasitic worms.
• Specific examples of anthelmintics (Mebendazole and Albendazole) are given and categorized; their respective functions, dosages, and suitability for pregnancies are highlighted.

Kahoot!

• Kahoot! is a platform used for engaging learning experiences. This session concluded with an online quiz/learning activity using Kahoot!