Anti-HIV Medications

What is the effect of high fat meals on the absorption of fosamprenavir?

Decrease absorption

What is the contraindication of fosamprenavir in children?

Age < 4 years old

What is the enzyme responsible for the metabolism of amprenavir?

CYP3A4

What is the effect of rifampin on indinavir levels?

Decrease indinavir levels Signup and view all the answers

What is the risk of combining nelfinavir with ritonavir?

Cardiac Arrhythmia risk Signup and view all the answers

What is the effect of food on the absorption of nelfinavir?

Increase absorption 2 to 3 fold Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary target of HIV attacks in the immune system?

CD4 T cells Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of measuring CD4 counts in HIV-infected individuals?

To assess the severity of disease Signup and view all the answers

What is the preferred treatment regimen for HIV infection?

2 NRTI and 1 INSTI Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of cobicistat and ritonavir in HIV treatment?

As boosters to enhance drug levels Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary use of HIV viral loads?

To assess disease progression and possible drug resistance Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of PrEP and PEP therapy?

To prevent HIV transmission Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of taking PrEP medicines?

To reduce the risk of HIV infection in people at high risk Signup and view all the answers

How often should individuals taking PrEP see their healthcare provider for follow-up?

Every 2-3 months Signup and view all the answers

What is one of the populations where PrEP has shown a reduction in HIV transmission?

Men who have sex with men (MSM) and transgender women Signup and view all the answers

What is the recommended frequency of taking PrEP?

Daily Signup and view all the answers

What is the maximum percentage reduction in HIV transmission that PrEP has been shown to achieve?

> 99% Signup and view all the answers

What is one of the tests recommended during follow-up visits for individuals taking PrEP?

HIV test Signup and view all the answers

What is the revised recommendation for when to begin ART therapy?

At diagnosis Signup and view all the answers

What is the deferral period for men who have sex with men, as recommended by HHS and FDA?

One year since the last sexual contact Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following medications is not recommended during pregnancy or for women of childbearing age?

Dolutegravir Signup and view all the answers

What is the benefit of more brand names becoming generic?

Increased access to medication Signup and view all the answers

What is the name of the CD4-directed post-attachment HIV-1 inhibitor approved?

Ibalizumab Signup and view all the answers

What is PrEP and PEP therapy used for?

Preventing HIV infection Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary mechanism of action of the component mentioned?

Pharmacokinetic enhancement Signup and view all the answers

What is the approved indication of the component for HIV-1 infection treatment?

In combination with other antiretroviral agents Signup and view all the answers

What is a significant side effect of the component?

Modest increase in serum creatinine Signup and view all the answers

What is a characteristic of the component compared to ritonavir?

No antiviral activity Signup and view all the answers

What is the trend observed in the Move Toward Lower Pill Burdens Regimen Dosing?

Decreased pill burden over time Signup and view all the answers

What is the source of the guidelines for the Use of Antiretroviral Agents in HIV-1-Infected Adults and Adolescents?

NIH Signup and view all the answers

What is the main function of CD4 counts in HIV-infected individuals?

To measure the severity of disease Signup and view all the answers

What is the preferred treatment regimen for HIV infection?

2 NRTI + 1 INSTI Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary target of HIV attacks in the immune system?

CD4 T cells Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of measuring HIV viral loads?

To assess disease progression Signup and view all the answers

What is the effect of a decrease in CD4 count below a critical level?

Increased susceptibility to opportunistic infections Signup and view all the answers

What is the trend in HIV treatment regimens?

Movement towards lower pill burdens Signup and view all the answers

Which medication is contraindicated in children under 4 years old and in pregnancy?

Fosamprenavir Signup and view all the answers

What is the effect of high fat meals on the absorption of fosamprenavir?

Decreases absorption Signup and view all the answers

Which medication is a substrate and inhibitor of CYP3A4?

Indinavir Signup and view all the answers

What is the recommended administration instruction for indinavir?

Take with at least 48 ounces of water daily Signup and view all the answers

What is the side effect of indinavir that is associated with kidney stones?

Nephrolithiasis Signup and view all the answers

What is the effect of rifampin on the levels of indinavir?

Decreases levels Signup and view all the answers

What is an important factor to consider when choosing a regimen for HIV treatment?

Patient's co-morbid conditions and degree of organ dysfunction Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of testing for HLA-B*5701 in individuals considering abacavir?

To determine the patient's likelihood of developing a severe hypersensitivity reaction Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary goal of combining maximally potent agents in HIV treatment?

To reduce viral replication to the lowest possible level and improve patient outcomes Signup and view all the answers

What is an important factor to consider when optimizing adherence to a regimen?

The pill burden and convenience of the regimen Signup and view all the answers

What should be done at the initiation of therapy or if treatment failure occurs?

Susceptibility testing Signup and view all the answers

What is an important consideration when selecting a regimen for a pregnant patient?

Testing for pregnancy upon initiation in all childbearing women Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary mechanism of action of integrase strand transfer inhibitors (INSTIs)?

Binding integrase preventing integration of viral genome in host cell DNA Signup and view all the answers

What is the recommended approach when co-administering saquinavir with nelfinavir?

Decrease the dose of saquinavir Signup and view all the answers

What is the characteristic of Dolutegravir compared to other antiretrovirals?

Has fewer significant drug interactions Signup and view all the answers

What is the indication for the use of maraviroc?

Combination with other meds for treatment-experienced adult patients infected with CCR5-tropic HIV-1 Signup and view all the answers

What is the mechanism of action of enfuvirtide?

Blocks entry of virus into cells by binding to gp41 subunit of viral envelope glycoprotein Signup and view all the answers

What is the caution when using elvitegravir?

Requires 'boosting' with cobicistat Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary target of HIV attacks in the immune system?

CD4+ cells Signup and view all the answers

What is the effect of rifampin on raltegravir levels?

Decreases the levels of raltegravir Signup and view all the answers

What is the recommended approach when co-administering dalavirdine or rifampin with saquinavir?

Monitor liver function tests Signup and view all the answers

What is the benefit of cobicistat 'boosting' with elvitegravir?

Enhances the activity of elvitegravir Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of taking PrEP medicines?

To reduce the risk of HIV infection Signup and view all the answers

How often should individuals taking PrEP see their healthcare provider for follow-up?

Every 2-3 months Signup and view all the answers

What tests are recommended during follow-up visits for individuals taking PrEP?

HIV Test and pregnancy test Signup and view all the answers

What is the maximum percentage reduction in HIV transmission that PrEP has been shown to achieve?

99% Signup and view all the answers

What is a condition for initiating PrEP?

Being at high risk of acquiring HIV Signup and view all the answers

Anti-HIV Medications

Questions and Answers

What is the effect of high fat meals on the absorption of fosamprenavir?

What is the contraindication of fosamprenavir in children?

What is the enzyme responsible for the metabolism of amprenavir?

What is the effect of rifampin on indinavir levels?

What is the risk of combining nelfinavir with ritonavir?

What is the effect of food on the absorption of nelfinavir?

What is the primary target of HIV attacks in the immune system?

What is the purpose of measuring CD4 counts in HIV-infected individuals?

What is the preferred treatment regimen for HIV infection?

What is the purpose of cobicistat and ritonavir in HIV treatment?

What is the primary use of HIV viral loads?

What is the purpose of PrEP and PEP therapy?

What is the purpose of taking PrEP medicines?

How often should individuals taking PrEP see their healthcare provider for follow-up?

What is one of the populations where PrEP has shown a reduction in HIV transmission?

What is the recommended frequency of taking PrEP?

What is the maximum percentage reduction in HIV transmission that PrEP has been shown to achieve?

What is one of the tests recommended during follow-up visits for individuals taking PrEP?

What is the revised recommendation for when to begin ART therapy?

What is the deferral period for men who have sex with men, as recommended by HHS and FDA?

Which of the following medications is not recommended during pregnancy or for women of childbearing age?

What is the benefit of more brand names becoming generic?

What is the name of the CD4-directed post-attachment HIV-1 inhibitor approved?

What is PrEP and PEP therapy used for?

What is the primary mechanism of action of the component mentioned?

What is the approved indication of the component for HIV-1 infection treatment?

What is a significant side effect of the component?

What is a characteristic of the component compared to ritonavir?

What is the trend observed in the Move Toward Lower Pill Burdens Regimen Dosing?

What is the source of the guidelines for the Use of Antiretroviral Agents in HIV-1-Infected Adults and Adolescents?

What is the main function of CD4 counts in HIV-infected individuals?

What is the preferred treatment regimen for HIV infection?

What is the primary target of HIV attacks in the immune system?

What is the purpose of measuring HIV viral loads?

What is the effect of a decrease in CD4 count below a critical level?

What is the trend in HIV treatment regimens?

Which medication is contraindicated in children under 4 years old and in pregnancy?

What is the effect of high fat meals on the absorption of fosamprenavir?

Which medication is a substrate and inhibitor of CYP3A4?

What is the recommended administration instruction for indinavir?

What is the side effect of indinavir that is associated with kidney stones?

What is the effect of rifampin on the levels of indinavir?

What is an important factor to consider when choosing a regimen for HIV treatment?

What is the purpose of testing for HLA-B*5701 in individuals considering abacavir?

What is the primary goal of combining maximally potent agents in HIV treatment?

What is an important factor to consider when optimizing adherence to a regimen?

What should be done at the initiation of therapy or if treatment failure occurs?

What is an important consideration when selecting a regimen for a pregnant patient?

What is the primary mechanism of action of integrase strand transfer inhibitors (INSTIs)?

What is the recommended approach when co-administering saquinavir with nelfinavir?

What is the characteristic of Dolutegravir compared to other antiretrovirals?

What is the indication for the use of maraviroc?

What is the mechanism of action of enfuvirtide?

What is the caution when using elvitegravir?

What is the primary target of HIV attacks in the immune system?

What is the effect of rifampin on raltegravir levels?

What is the recommended approach when co-administering dalavirdine or rifampin with saquinavir?

What is the benefit of cobicistat 'boosting' with elvitegravir?

What is the purpose of taking PrEP medicines?

How often should individuals taking PrEP see their healthcare provider for follow-up?

What tests are recommended during follow-up visits for individuals taking PrEP?

What is the maximum percentage reduction in HIV transmission that PrEP has been shown to achieve?

What is a condition for initiating PrEP?

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