Anthropological and Sociological Perspectives

Artifacts = Objects made by human beings, either hand-made or mass produced Arts and Recreation = Arts, Music, Drama and Literatures, Games and Sports, and Use of Leisure Time Clothes = The people usually wear in the community Customs and Traditions = The things we do

Cultural Relativism = Culture only has meaning when taken into context, and it's wrong to compare or judge one culture from another Ethnocentrism = The perception of one's own culture as superior compared to other cultures Xenocentrism = The perception of one's own culture as inferior compared to other cultures None of the above = This is a trick question, all the above are the corresponding definitions of the orientations.

Unilineal Evolutionism = From Animism to Monotheism (e.g., Roman Catholicism or Islam) Cultural Diffusionism = Filipino culture influenced by Western civilization brought by Spanish colonization Historical Particularism = Filipino people are influenced by superstitious beliefs originating from their ancestors Anthropological Functionalism = Filipinos’ actions are influenced strongly by their religion.

<p>Functionalism = To produce more productive graduates, the government must invest heavily in education. Conflict Perspective = Rich versus poor Symbolic Interactionism = Why does an individual avoid eye contact when talking to a stranger? Cultural Materialism = Pork is prohibited in the Muslim diet.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Historical Particularism = Unique cultural development influenced by history, geography, and environment Anthropological Functionalism = Interrelationships and interdependence of cultural elements and practices Anthropological Structuralism = Relationships between cultural phenomena and practices that shape human experiences Cultural Materialism = Influence of technology, resources, and economic values on culture.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Society = A population organized in a cooperative manner to carry out essential life functions Culture = A complex whole encompassing beliefs, practices, values, and everything learned and shared within a society Evolutionism = Explains how human groups developed and changed over time. Anthropological perspective on culture = A unique characteristic of every human society including thinking, acting, and possessions</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Unilineal Evolutionism = Cultural development in linear stages, progressing through similar stages Cultural Diffusionism = Spread of cultural elements from one or more cultural centers Historical Particularism = Each culture is unique and shaped by its specific historical and environmental context Anthropological Functionalism = Cultural practices persist because they serve a function in society.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Functionalism = Society as a system of cooperating groups operating in accordance with agreed-upon norms Conflict Perspective = Social inequality and power struggles between different groups Symbolic Interactionism = Meaning-making and communication in social interactions Cultural Materialism = Material conditions as the primary driver of cultural development.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Anthropological perspective on society = A group of people sharing a common culture within a territory. Sociological perspective on society = An association organized by men with a territory. Robertson's definition of society = A population occupying the same territory, subject to the same political authority, and participating in a common culture. Kornblum's definition of society = A population organized to carry out essential life functions including reproduction, sustenance, shelter, and defense.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Functionalism = Social harmony and stability through shared values and norms Conflict Perspective = Social conflict as the engine of social change Symbolic Interactionism = Interpretation of symbols and meanings in social interactions Cultural Materialism = Technological and economic factors shape culture.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Culture as defined by Zulueta = Refers to both an individual's taste and the concept of being civilized. Culture as defined by E.B. Tylor = A complex whole encompassing beliefs, practices, values, and everything learned and shared within a society. Anthropological perspective on culture = A unique characteristic of every human society including thinking, acting, and possessions. Sociological perspective on culture = The imprint made by people.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Filipino culture is a blend of indigenous and Western influences = Cultural Diffusionism The rituals of a specific tribe are interconnected and contribute to their survival. = Anthropological Functionalism The evolution of human societies can be traced through stages of development. = Unilineal Evolutionism The unique history of the Incan civilization shaped its distinct cultural practices. = Historical Particularism.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The use of cellphones for communication = Evolutionism Sharing beliefs and traditions = Culture Living in a specific geographic area = Society A group of people organizing to protect their community = Society</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The class struggle between the bourgeoisie and proletariat drives societal change. = Conflict Perspective People's actions are guided by the meanings they attach to symbols and objects. = Symbolic Interactionism Social institutions like education contribute to the overall functioning of society. = Functionalism Economic factors play a crucial role in shaping cultural practices and beliefs. = Cultural Materialism.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Parts or features of culture that are dynamic, shared, and learned.

Objects made by humans, either handmade or mass-produced.

Behaviors and practices that are common to a community.

Understanding a culture based on its own context, not by comparison.

Viewing one's own culture as superior to others.

Perceiving one’s own culture as inferior compared to others.

The ability to communicate using vocal symbols and sounds.

Morals and principles that guide behavior within a culture.

A theory explaining how human groups develop and change over time.

A community of interdependent individuals living in a shared territory and culture.

Society is a cooperative population fulfilling life's major functions like reproduction and shelter.

A population occupying the same territory, under the same political authority, sharing a common culture.

Society is a group sharing a culture within a specific territory.

Society is viewed as an organization formed by people with shared territory.

A complex whole encompassing beliefs, practices, and values shared in a society.

Culture reflects the unique character of each society, influencing thoughts and behaviors.

Cultural evolution theory suggesting cultures develop in similar stages.

Idea that cultures borrow elements from one or more cultural centers.

Each group has unique culture shaped by its history and environment.

Cultural practices are interrelated and serve a purpose.

Cultures are organized based on their relationships and structures.

Culture is shaped by technology, resources and economic values.

Society operates as an organized network of cooperating groups.

Society is in constant struggle due to resource divisions.