Anthraquinones and Their Structure

A test used to identify the presence of anthraquinones, a class of organic compounds often found in plants.

A specific type of anthraquinone that can be identified using the microsublimation test. Anthraquinones are often present in plants and are used in various applications, such as dyes and pharmaceuticals.

The process of a solid changing directly into a gas, skipping the liquid phase. This occurs when heating anthraquinones during the microsublimation test.

A simple chemical reaction that produces a red color when anthraquinones are reacted with an alkali (like sodium hydroxide or potassium hydroxide).

A test used to detect anthraquinone glycosides, which are anthraquinones combined with sugar molecules.

A plant with medicinal properties, specifically its seeds are used for various purposes.

A family of flowering plants that includes a wide variety of trees, shrubs, and herbs. It's known for its legume fruits (pods) and its medicinal properties.

A type of anthraquinone present in Senna Tora seeds. It's known for its laxative properties and contributes to the plant's medicinal effects.

A type of anthraquinone present in Senna Tora seeds. It's characterized by its laxative properties and its presence alongside other anthraquinones in the plant.

A type of laxative that stimulates the intestines to help with bowel movements.

A drug that is classified as a stimulant laxative. It promotes bowel movements but can have side effects.

A side effect of Riththi. It can cause discomfort in the stomach.

A possible reaction to taking an overdose of Riththi. Can lead to severe diarrhea and loss of fluids.

A condition that may develop with long-term use of Riththi. It affects the balance of minerals in the body.

A group of important substances found in herbs, often used for external treatments, especially infections.

The use of herbs, often for skin infections or external issues.

The application of herbal remedies directly to the skin to treat infections.

Medical conditions that prevent the use of Riththi.

Important precautions to take when using Riththi. It's crucial to consult a medical professional if discomfort occurs.

A natural remedy often used to treat mild depression, anxiety, and sleep disorders.

A substance that increases the activity of certain enzymes (like those involved in drug metabolism) in the liver.

A type of medication that prevents the reabsorption of serotonin in the brain, increasing serotonin levels.

A serious condition that occurs when there are too high levels of serotonin in the body, often resulting from combining certain medications and supplements.

A type of plant compound with antimicrobial and antiviral properties, found in St. John's Wort.

A condition that makes skin more sensitive to sunlight, often caused by certain medications or herbal supplements like St. John's Wort.

A common side effect of St. John's Wort, including dizziness, confusion, tiredness, drowsiness, headache, and digestive issues.

An interaction that happens when a substance (like St. John's Wort) influences how another substance (like prescribed medication) is processed by the body.

A plant with red pigments in its root, used for dyeing and cosmetics.

A chemical compound found in Alkanna root, used for dyeing and possesses various medicinal properties.

This plant's root contains a red substance, which is a naphthoquinone. It's used for dyeing fabrics and as a coloring agent in cosmetics.

Alkanna and Gromwell share a common characteristic. Describe it.

Shikonin and alkannin are red pigments extracted from Alkanna root. They are commonly used for a specific application.

Alkanna root's red pigments are used for a variety of applications. Name two of them.

Alkanna root offers potential health benefits by possessing specific properties.

Alkanna is used in traditional medicine to treat various ailments. Name two of them.

Alkanna is a natural source of various beneficial compounds, but it also contains specific compounds with specific properties.

Alkanna is a valuable plant with a rich history and is known for its medicinal and cosmetic properties.

A class of organic compounds derived from aromatic compounds like benzene, naphthalene, or anthracene, characterized by a cyclic dione structure. They are often found in nature as benzoquinones, naphthoquinones and anthraquinones.

The most common type of quinone found naturally in plants, derived from anthracene. These compounds often have two keto groups at positions 9 and 10.

Plants from the Liliaceae (monocot) and Polygonaceae, Leguminosae (Fabaceae), Rhamnaceae, Rubiaceae, Bignoniaceae (dicot) families often contain anthraquinones.

Anthraquinones can be found in two forms: free form or glycoside form. The glycoside form is when the anthraquinone is attached to a sugar molecule.

Anthraquinone is a cyclic compound with two keto groups at positions 9 and 10, formally derived from anthracene.

Anthraquinones can be reduced, resulting in different forms such as anthrone, anthranol, oxoanthrone, and dianthrone.

A type of glycosidic linkage where the sugar part is directly attached to the oxygen atom of the aglycone, a non-sugar component.

A type of glycosidic linkage where the sugar part is directly linked to a carbon atom of the aglycone.

Anthraquinones are often found in plants as glycosides, where a sugar molecule is attached to the anthraquinone. These glycosides can be either O-glycosides or C-glycosides, with O-glycosides being more common.

Anthraquinone derivatives with two hydroxyl (OH) groups at positions 1 and 8, often found in orange-red colored compounds.