Questions and Answers
What were the main social classes defined during the industrial revolution?
Which social classes emerged in the late 1800s?
What characterized the Middle Class's way of life?
Middle Class developed its own etiquette and social behavior.
Men in the 1800s worked outside of the home while women worked at home in Middle Class families.
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The ideal man was seen as an economic __________ for the family.
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The ideal woman was seen as __________ and caregiving.
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Study Notes
A New Social Order Arises
- The Industrial Revolution significantly transformed the social hierarchy in the Western world.
- Traditional divisions included Nobles and Peasants, based primarily on land ownership.
- The Middle Class held a subordinate position, yet played vital roles within the economy.
Three Social Classes Emerge
- By the late 1800s, society was categorized into three main classes: upper, middle, and lower.
- Upper class, composed of affluent business families and entrepreneurs, often sought aristocratic status through marriage.
- Wealthy upper-class individuals enjoyed luxurious lifestyles.
- Middle class comprised mid-level business figures, professionals like doctors and scientists, and lower middle-class members such as teachers and office workers, all living in relative comfort.
- Lower class included workers and peasants, making up over 30% of the population by 1900, with many families still engaged in agriculture despite industrialization's expansion.
Middle Class Tastes and Values
- The Middle Class emerged distinctive social norms and lifestyles, heavily influenced by etiquette.
- Social etiquette dictated behavior, including dress codes, correspondence, and mourning rituals.
- Parents enforced strict adherence to etiquette, emphasizing proper behavior to uphold family reputation.
Ideal Home
- Pre-1800s, women actively contributed to family businesses outside the home, but this shifted for the Middle Class after the 1800s.
- Middle-class men became the primary earners, while women typically managed the household.
- The "cult of domesticity" idealized women as caretakers and homemakers, emphasizing the home as a sanctuary for the family.
- Ideal men were seen as economic providers, whereas women were expected to nurture and create a restful home environment.
- These values distinctly differed from those of lower classes, where both men and women commonly worked outside homes to support their families.
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Description
Explore the transformations in social structures with these flashcards on the New Social Order that emerged after the industrial revolution. This quiz delves into the relationships between Nobles, Peasants, and the Middle Class and highlights the emergence of three distinct social classes in the late 1800s.
