12 Questions
In binomial nomenclature, what does the first word in an animal's scientific name represent?
Genus
What does the second word in the scientific name of an animal indicate?
Species
When dividing individuals of a species into subspecies, what type of nomenclature is used?
Trinomial
According to scientific nomenclature rules, where is the generic name placed in relation to the specific name?
Before it
What is the typical style used for formatting a scientific name?
Italicized text
If a species has been transferred to a different genus, how is the original author's name represented?
Written in parentheses
What is the primary basis of classification in the practical system?
Value to man
According to Aristotle, how did he divide animals in the artificial classification system?
Enaima and Anaima
What distinguishes the natural system of classification from artificial classification?
Includes all available data on structure, physiology, etc.
What is the primary objective of scientific nomenclature in animal classification?
To provide international scientific names for organisms
Which scientist devised a system for giving scientific names to organisms?
Linnaeus
What is the key language source for deriving scientific names?
Greek and Latin
Study Notes
Binomial Nomenclature
- Binomial nomenclature is a system of naming animals with a two-word name, with the first word indicating the genus (generic name) and the second word indicating the species (specific name)
- Example: Homo sapiens, where Homo is the generic name and sapiens is the specific name
Trinomial Nomenclature
- Trinomial nomenclature is used for subspecies, where the name consists of three words: genus, species, and subspecies
- Example: Homo sapiens europens, where europens is the subspecies
Rules of Scientific Nomenclature
- Scientific names must be binomial for species and trinomial for subspecies
- The generic name is always capitalized and written before the specific name
- The first letter of the specific name is usually in lowercase
- Scientific names should be written in italics or underlined
- The names of divisions above the genus are not written in italics, but start with a capital letter
- The name of the zoologist who first described the species may be included after the scientific name, along with the year of description
Classification Systems
- Practical system: groups animals based on their value to man, without considering their similarities and dissimilarities
- Artificial classification: groups animals based on superficial resemblance to a single character in structure, with some ecological factors
- Natural system: uses all available data, including structure, physiology, embryology, distribution, biochemistry, and other features, to show relationships by descent from simpler organisms
Test your knowledge on the practical and artificial systems of classifying animals based on their utility to humans and superficial resemblance for a single character in structure. Explore the historical context behind these classification systems.
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