Podcast
Questions and Answers
Which language is used for names of taxa?
Which language is used for names of taxa?
- French
- Spanish
- Greek
- Latin (correct)
What style of font should be used when typing a scientific name?
What style of font should be used when typing a scientific name?
Italics
What is the process in which cells take on specific tasks and their own shapes?
What is the process in which cells take on specific tasks and their own shapes?
Differentiation
Eukaryotic describes cells that lack a nucleus.
Eukaryotic describes cells that lack a nucleus.
What classification do ninety-four percent of all animals fall into?
What classification do ninety-four percent of all animals fall into?
What term describes organisms that can move but seldom do?
What term describes organisms that can move but seldom do?
What are photosynthesizing algae that live inside the bodies of other organisms called?
What are photosynthesizing algae that live inside the bodies of other organisms called?
Who developed the foundation for modern taxonomy?
Who developed the foundation for modern taxonomy?
What is the collective term for sperm and egg produced by animals?
What is the collective term for sperm and egg produced by animals?
When writing a scientific name, you should underline it.
When writing a scientific name, you should underline it.
What is the organism likely to be all animals' common ancestor?
What is the organism likely to be all animals' common ancestor?
What is a group of similar organisms that can breed and produce fertile offspring?
What is a group of similar organisms that can breed and produce fertile offspring?
What term describes organisms that can move from place to place?
What term describes organisms that can move from place to place?
What is the system of assigning two names to each organism called?
What is the system of assigning two names to each organism called?
What tool is composed of dual choices used to help identify names of species?
What tool is composed of dual choices used to help identify names of species?
In what form is unused energy stored in the liver and muscles of animals?
In what form is unused energy stored in the liver and muscles of animals?
What is the scientific study of 'hidden' animals?
What is the scientific study of 'hidden' animals?
What is the science of naming and grouping species called?
What is the science of naming and grouping species called?
What is the oldest type of animal on the tree of life?
What is the oldest type of animal on the tree of life?
What type of environment did the first animals live in?
What type of environment did the first animals live in?
Who was the first biologist to classify organisms?
Who was the first biologist to classify organisms?
What is the immature form of some animals that undergo radical transformation to become adults?
What is the immature form of some animals that undergo radical transformation to become adults?
Heterotrophic organisms can produce their own food.
Heterotrophic organisms can produce their own food.
What term describes organisms that are permanently attached to a surface?
What term describes organisms that are permanently attached to a surface?
What is a group of individual organisms that are virtually identical in appearance but prove to be different species through DNA tests called?
What is a group of individual organisms that are virtually identical in appearance but prove to be different species through DNA tests called?
What is the broadest level in taxa classification?
What is the broadest level in taxa classification?
What must animals do before they can digest their food?
What must animals do before they can digest their food?
What is a ranking system used in classification called?
What is a ranking system used in classification called?
What does morphology refer to?
What does morphology refer to?
What is a sessile arthropod found on the outside of boats or whales?
What is a sessile arthropod found on the outside of boats or whales?
What is the second part of the scientific name called?
What is the second part of the scientific name called?
What is a diagram that shows the evolutionary relationships among a group of organisms called?
What is a diagram that shows the evolutionary relationships among a group of organisms called?
What is the process in which animals change over time called?
What is the process in which animals change over time called?
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Study Notes
Classification and Naming
- Latin is the foundational language for naming taxa in biology.
- Scientific names are written in italics for clarity and standardization.
- The binomial nomenclature system assigns two names to organisms: one for genus and one for species.
Biological Processes and Structures
- Differentiation allows cells to develop specialized functions and forms.
- Eukaryotic cells contain a nucleus and membrane-bound organelles, distinguishing them from prokaryotic cells.
- Heterotrophic organisms rely on consuming other organisms for energy, unlike autotrophs that produce their own food.
- Ingesting food is essential for animals before digestion occurs.
Classification Categories
- Taxonomy is the science dedicated to naming and grouping species based on characteristics.
- Hierarchy refers to the ranking system used in classification, from domain down to species.
- A dichotomous key is a helpful tool that allows individuals to identify species through a series of choices.
- Domain is the broadest category in taxonomic classification.
Animal Groupings
- Invertebrates encompass 94% of all animal species, showcasing vast diversity.
- The oldest known type of animal in evolutionary history is the sponge.
- Cryptic species look alike but can be genetically distinct, identified through DNA testing.
- Larvae represent immature stages of certain animals undergoing significant transformations to reach adulthood.
Movement and Behavior
- Motile organisms can freely move in their environment, while sessile organisms are permanently fixed in one location.
- Sedentary organisms can move, but do so infrequently.
Specialty Terms
- Zooxanthellae are essential photosynthesizing algae living within other organisms, often in symbiotic relationships.
- Morphology studies the form and structure of organisms, playing a key role in modern classification.
Historical Figures
- Linnaeus is credited with establishing the modern taxonomy framework.
- Aristotle was the first to attempt systematic classification of organisms.
Energy Storage and Usage
- Unused energy in animals is stored as glycogen in the liver and muscles.
Evolutionary Concepts
- Evolution refers to the gradual process through which species change over time.
- A cladogram visually represents the evolutionary relationships among organisms, illustrating how they are interconnected through common ancestry.
Other Notable Terms
- Specific epithet is the second part of a scientific name, providing further identification.
- The term heterogametes collectively describes the gametes (sperm and egg) that animals produce for reproduction.
- Barnacles are specific examples of sessile arthropods, often found attached to maritime surfaces like boats and whales.
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