Anglo-Irish Heritage and Key Events

Refers to the historical mixing of British and Irish heritage, often describing the descendants of English and Scottish settlers who lived in Ireland, especially the Protestant Anglo-Irish aristocracy.

A significant battle in 1690 between the forces of the Catholic King James II of England and the Protestant King William III of England. William's victory secured Protestant rule over Ireland.

Refers to several incidents in Irish history, but most famously the 1972 event in Derry, Northern Ireland, where British soldiers shot and killed 13 unarmed civil rights protesters, escalating the conflict known as "The Troubles."

A political party in Northern Ireland that supports unionism (keeping Northern Ireland in the UK) and conservative Christian values, led by figures like Ian Paisley.

The two senior roles in the Northern Ireland Executive. The First Minister is the head of the government, and the Deputy First Minister is the second in charge, with the roles shared between Unionists and Nationalists.

A 1998 peace agreement that helped end "The Troubles" by establishing devolved government in Northern Ireland, creating political institutions that include power-sharing between Unionists and Nationalists.

A devastating period from 1845-1852 when a potato disease caused mass starvation in Ireland, leading to over a million deaths and the emigration of millions more.

The 1801 law that merged the Kingdom of Ireland with the Kingdom of Great Britain to form the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, effectively ending the Irish Parliament.

A period of conflict in Northern Ireland from the late 1960s to the 1998 Good Friday Agreement, marked by violent clashes and political unrest between Nationalists (Catholics) who wanted a united Ireland and Unionists (Protestants) who wanted to remain part of the UK.

A political party that advocates for Irish nationalism and the reunification of Ireland. They have a significant presence in both Northern Ireland and the Republic of Ireland.

A devolved legislature of Northern Ireland, created by the Good Friday Agreement to make decisions on regional matters, such as health and education.

The executive branch of government in Northern Ireland, made up of the First Minister, Deputy First Minister, and ministers, responsible for governing Northern Ireland.

A fraternal organization in Northern Ireland, primarily made up of Unionists, who celebrate the victory of William of Orange at the Battle of the Boyne.

Armed groups engaged in political violence, often outside the law. In Northern Ireland, these groups were active on both the Unionist (e.g., UVF) and Nationalist (e.g., IRA) sides during "The Troubles."

Terms used to describe those in Ireland and Northern Ireland who support Irish independence and are generally associated with the Catholic community. "Green" refers to Irish national symbols and political movements.

A symbol of Ireland, traditionally associated with St. Patrick and Irish nationalism.

The name for the Northern Ireland Parliament and its buildings, located in Belfast.

Terms referring to those in Northern Ireland who wish to maintain political ties with the United Kingdom and oppose Irish independence.