Anaesthesia Complications
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Questions and Answers

Which of the following is a potential cause of bradycardia during anesthesia?

  • Toxemia
  • Heart problem - sick sinus
  • Hypoxia
  • All of the above (correct)

    • What is the effect of stimulating the vagal nerve during anesthesia?

  • Increased blood pressure
  • Increased heart rate
  • Decreased blood pressure
  • Decreased heart rate (correct)

    • Which drug can be added to prevent bradycardia during eye surgery?

  • Neither atropine nor glycopyrrolate
  • Both atropine and glycopyrrolate (correct)
  • Glycopyrrolate
  • Atropine

    • Which drug combination can cause bradycardia during anesthesia?

    <p>Dexmedetomidine and methadone</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the most common cause of bradycardia in a cat with a blocked bladder?

    <p>Hyperkalemia</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the effect of a high potassium level on heart rate?

    <p>Decreased heart rate</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the first option for treating bradycardia during anesthesia?

    <p>Switch down the volatile agent</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a common cause of tachycardia during anesthesia?

    <p>Sympathetic stimulation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the most appropriate treatment for tachycardia during anesthesia?

    <p>Administer an IV opioid</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a potential danger of tachycardia during anesthesia?

    <p>Ventricular fibrillation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the most likely cause of tachycardia in a 14-year-old cat with chronic renal insufficiency?

    <p>Hypovolemia</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the appropriate treatment for tachycardia in a cat with chronic renal insufficiency?

    <p>Increase fluid therapy</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the most likely cause of tachycardia in a 1-year-old Dutch rabbit undergoing castration?

    <p>Sympathetic stimulation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the appropriate treatment for tachycardia in a 1-year-old Dutch rabbit undergoing castration?

    <p>No treatment necessary</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which one of these is a common cause of hypertension in equine anesthesia?

    <p>Anaesthetic drugs</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What should be checked to determine if hypertension is a problem in equine anesthesia?

    <p>All of the above</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the most common inotrope used in equine anesthesia?

    <p>Dobutamine</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the first step in the treatment of hypotension in a 500 kg horse under GA?

    <p>Reduce sevoflurane</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the next step if reducing sevoflurane does not improve hypotension in a horse?

    <p>Give a ketamine bolus</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the recommended approach to treatment for a hypertensive cat?

    <p>All of the above</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a common problem associated with prolonged recovery in anesthesia?

    <p>Hypoxia</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a potential cause of hypoxemia in anesthesia?

    <p>Carbon dioxide retention</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of algorithms in anesthesia?

    <p>To reduce cognitive load during stressful situations</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the first step in diagnosing bradycardia?

    <p>Determining normal heart rate</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does the body compensate for inadequate oxygen delivery to tissues?

    <p>By increasing cardiac output</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the relationship between cardiac output and stroke volume?

    <p>Cardiac output depends on stroke volume</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main concern when diagnosing bradycardia?

    <p>Perfusion and oxygen delivery</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the ultimate goal of evaluating oxygen delivery during anesthesia?

    <p>Ensuring adequate cardiac output</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the first step in diagnosing bradycardia in a patient undergoing anesthesia?

    <p>Measuring heart rate</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the potential cause of increased stroke volume in response to inadequate oxygen delivery during anesthesia?

    <p>Compensatory increase in cardiac output</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main concern when diagnosing bradycardia during anesthesia?

    <p>Perfusion and oxygen delivery</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is an important consideration when diagnosing bradycardia in a patient undergoing anesthesia?

    <p>Normal heart rate before anesthesia</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the relationship between cardiac output and stroke volume?

    <p>Stroke volume is directly proportional to cardiac output</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a potential cause of tachycardia during anesthesia?

    <p>Inadequate oxygen delivery</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a potential cause of bradycardia during anesthesia?

    <p>Hyperkalemia</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which drug combination can cause bradycardia during anesthesia?

    <p>Dexmedetomidine and methadone</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the most likely cause of bradycardia in a horse undergoing hock arthroscopy?

    <p>High levels of sevoflurane due to long surgery preparation period</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the effect of a high potassium level on heart rate?

    <p>Decreases heart rate</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which one of these is a common cause of hypertension in equine anesthesia?

    <p>Hypoxia</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the next step if reducing sevoflurane does not improve hypotension in a horse?

    <p>Increase IV fluids</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a potential cause of hypoxemia in anesthesia?

    <p>Lack of oxygen</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a potential cause of tachycardia during anesthesia?

    <p>Hypovolemia</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the appropriate treatment for tachycardia in a cat with chronic renal insufficiency?

    <p>Increase fluid therapy</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the most likely cause of tachycardia in a 1-year-old Dutch rabbit undergoing castration?

    <p>Normal physiological response</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the effect of stimulating the vagal nerve during anesthesia?

    <p>Induce bradycardia</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does the body compensate for inadequate oxygen delivery to tissues?

    <p>Increase heart rate</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a potential cause of hypoxemia in anesthesia?

    <p>Hypoventilation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the first step in the treatment of hypotension in a 500 kg horse?

    <p>Increase fluid therapy</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a potential cause of hypotension in equine anesthesia?

    <p>Hypervolemia and haemorrhage</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the most common inotrope used in equine anesthesia?

    <p>Dobutamine</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the appropriate treatment for tachycardia during anesthesia?

    <p>Reduce volatile/inhalation agent</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the appropriate treatment for hypotension in a 500 kg horse during anesthesia?

    <p>Increase IV fluid therapy/check urine</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the first step in the treatment of hypertension in equine anesthesia?

    <p>Reduce volatile/inhalation agent</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a potential cause of hypoxemia in anesthesia?

    <p>Inadequate oxygen delivery</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the most likely cause of tachycardia in a 14-year-old cat with chronic renal insufficiency?

    <p>Cardiac insufficiency</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the appropriate treatment for tachycardia in a 1-year-old Dutch rabbit undergoing castration?

    <p>Reduce volatile/inhalation agent</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the recommended approach to treatment for a hypertensive cat?

    <p>Reduce volatile/inhalation agent</p> Signup and view all the answers

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