Ancient Indian Viharas and Universities

Ancient Universities

• Notable universities that evolved during this period include Takshashila, Nalanda, Benaras, Navadeep, and Kanchi.
• Students developed their knowledge through debates, discussions, and exchanges with scholars from various viharas and universities.

UNESCO Heritage Sites

• The ancient universities of Takshashila, Nalanda, Benaras, Navadeep, and Kanchi were recently declared as heritage sites by UNESCO.

Development of Universities

• The universities of Benaras, Navadeep, and Kanchi developed in the context of royal patronage and cultural exchange.

Royal Summoning

• The occasional summoning by a king for the scholars of various viharas and universities to meet, debate, and exchange their views was known as Sabha.

Legendary Indian Grammarian

• The legendary Indian grammarian associated with Takshashila is Panini.

Ancient Indian City

• The ancient Indian city, now in north-western Pakistan, known for its University and its association with Chanakya is Taxila.

Takshashila University

• Subjects studied at Takshashila's University include the Vedas, philosophy, astronomy, medicine, surgery, and martial arts.

Nalanda University

• Subjects covered in the courses of study offered by Nalanda University include Buddhism, Hinduism, philosophy, logic, grammar, medicine, and mathematics.

Xuan Zang's Studies

• Xuan Zang studied Buddhist scriptures, logic, and philosophy at Nalanda University.