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Ancient Egypt: Social and Economic Development

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Ancient Egypt: Social and Economic Development

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Questions and Answers

Who conquered Egypt in 526 BC?

Alexander the Great
The Romans
Ptolemy III
Cambyses, the Persian king (correct)

How is 'Kocesezen' translated from Greek?

Two rivers

What makes someone from the outside, join the ranks of slaves?

War

What are the three classes of the Egyptian society?

<p>Ruling class, agricultural people, craftsmen (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What happened in 332 BC to Egypt?

<p>It became a part of the state of Alexander the Great</p> Signup and view all the answers

According to archaeological digs, what was made from ______?

<p>Meteorite iron</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

East-West Dichotomy

A paradigm contrasting European and non-European societies, highlighting perceived differences in values, freedom, and social structures.

Nile's Role in Egypt

Development in part occurred due to the Nile River's reliable flooding providing water and stimulating community building.

Power Structure

The rulers of Egypt and temple accountants held significant power, alongside landowners and the community.

Origin of Slavery

Slavery arose in ancient Egypt as a consequence of conflict between tribes, leading to the capture and enslavement of individuals.

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Persian Conquest (526 B.C.)

In 526 B.C., the Persian king Cambyses conquered Egypt, making it a dependency of the Persian Empire.

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Alexander's Egypt (332 B.C.)

In 332 B.C., Egypt became part of Alexander the Great's empire, marking a shift in its governance and cultural influences.

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Mesopotamia Definition

Territory between the Tigris and Euphrates rivers, now modern Iraq, known for its ancient civilizations.

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Eastern Despotism

An ancient form of governance characterized by absolute rule, centralized power, and strict control over individuals.

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Pergaun's Role

The 'leader' in ancient Egypt, often the most active in religious ceremonies, symbolizing religious authority and stability.

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Collapse of Sixth Dynasty Factors

Increased energy production, resource exhaustion, worker dissatisfaction, civil war, and a decline in socio-economic conditions

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Local Dissatisfaction

Local residents were unhappy with the city governments, leading to unrest.

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XI Dynasty Agriculture

XI dynasty rulers initiated large agricultural projects and introduced new tools/methods.

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Wars for Labor

Wars conducted to increase the number of laborers available for state projects, particularly agriculture.

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Consolidation Centers

Fayum oasis (north) and Thebes (south) were centers because of trade route intersections.

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Weak State Vulnerability

Egypt became a target for powerful neighbors due to internal social issues and a weak state.

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Assyrian King

Captured Egypt and split it into 20 regions

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Formation of States

Led to the emergence of states; aimed to regulate the interests of the ruling class.

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United Egypt

Upper Egypt (capital En-Hab) and Lower Egypt (capital Buto) united

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Pharaoh's Growing Power

Pharaohs became more powerful, led the council of gods, oversaw courts, and controlled the treasury and tax collection.

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Middle Kingdom Beginning

Began when the XI dynasty reunified Egypt, leading to changes, especially in agriculture.

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Hyksos Invasion

Hyksos invasion of Egypt

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Expansion to Syria

Egypt's borders expanded to Syria during the New Kingdom, showcasing its military reach.

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Akhenaten's Wisdom

Akhenaten's rule

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Battle Against Hittites (1280 BC)

A key battle fought against the Hittite empire in 1280 BC, highlighting Egypt's conflicts in the region.

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Recognizing Differences

Recognizing differences in social structures between Europe and non-European areas.

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Ethics Intoduction

Ethics were introduced in the community.

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Land Mastery

The world's lands were mastered and various types of work developed.

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Tribal Origins

Local population did not forget about their tribal origins.

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Sea peoples

Sea peoples were under their protection for a long time

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Tax Collection

Taxes and tributes were collected from the Egyptians.

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Study Notes

European differences started to become apparent in the world
Greeks noticed differences between Egyptians and Persians
Greeks laid the foundation for science by analyzing eastern societies
Social and economic development in Ancient Egypt linked to Nile River location
Life sustainability and the possibility of creating irrigation systems came with Nile location
Tribes formed and ethnic groups mixed in stages around 4000 BC
Land was irrigated with hoes, skilled artisans made axes, dishes, and containers in the second half of the 4th millennium
Ornaments were sometimes made of copper/meteorite iron
Three main social layers existed: rulers, tax collectors, and community members/farmers
People who were in debt gradually became slaves
Slaves became useful after conflicts
Captive-slaves increased the community’s membership

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Description

Explore social and economic development in Ancient Egypt. Learn about the influence of the Nile River, the formation of tribes, and the emergence of social classes. Understand the role of irrigation, craftsmanship, and the use of slaves in ancient Egyptian society.

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