Podcast
Questions and Answers
Which characteristic was NOT typical of the Ancien Régime?
Which characteristic was NOT typical of the Ancien Régime?
- Agrarian economy
- Stratified society
- Emphasis on secularism and individualism (correct)
- Absolutist political system
How did the Enlightenment thinkers view human reason and intelligence?
How did the Enlightenment thinkers view human reason and intelligence?
- As a source of limitations and constraints.
- As a tool to understand the world and achieve progress and happiness. (correct)
- As secondary to faith and religious doctrine.
- With skepticism, doubting its ability to understand the world.
Which of the following best describes the role of 'Salons' during the Enlightenment?
Which of the following best describes the role of 'Salons' during the Enlightenment?
- Social gatherings where Enlightenment ideas were discussed and spread. (correct)
- Military academies for training future leaders.
- Venues for political revolutions and uprisings.
- Centers for religious worship and practice.
What was the primary source of power for absolute monarchs?
What was the primary source of power for absolute monarchs?
Which statement accurately reflects the distribution of power in an absolute monarchy?
Which statement accurately reflects the distribution of power in an absolute monarchy?
What was the general attitude of absolute monarchs toward parliaments or similar bodies?
What was the general attitude of absolute monarchs toward parliaments or similar bodies?
Which goal was characteristic of the 'Enlightened Despots'?
Which goal was characteristic of the 'Enlightened Despots'?
What does the phrase 'Everything for the people, nothing by the people' signify in the context of Enlightened Despotism?
What does the phrase 'Everything for the people, nothing by the people' signify in the context of Enlightened Despotism?
Which individual is an example of an Enlightened Despot?
Which individual is an example of an Enlightened Despot?
Which statement accurately contrasts the Ancien Régime and the Enlightenment?
Which statement accurately contrasts the Ancien Régime and the Enlightenment?
Flashcards
Ancien Régime
Ancien Régime
The political and social system in Europe between the 15th and 18th centuries, until the French Revolution.
Absolutist political system
Absolutist political system
A political system where the ruler has unlimited power.
Agrarian economy
Agrarian economy
An economy based on agricultural production.
Stratified society
Stratified society
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Enlightenment
Enlightenment
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Age of Enlightenment ideas
Age of Enlightenment ideas
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Faith in human progress
Faith in human progress
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Absolute Monarchies
Absolute Monarchies
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Enlightened Despotism
Enlightened Despotism
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Enlightened Despotism actions
Enlightened Despotism actions
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Study Notes
- The period between the 15th and 18th centuries, up until the French Revolution, is known as the Ancien Régime.
Ancien Régime Characteristics
- Political system was absolutist
- Economy was agrarian
- Society was stratified into privileged and non-privileged groups
- Religion had a significant influence on people's culture, education, and art
Enlightenment
- An intellectual and cultural movement that developed in Europe during the 18th century.
- Main idea was to have confidence in reason, to understand the world, and achieve progress.
- The Age of Enlightenment is also called "Age of Reason".
- Enlightenment based on faith in science and human progress
- It also involved criticism of the Ancien Régime
- Main theorists included Montesquieu, Rousseau, and Voltaire
- Enlightenment ideas spread across Europe and America through salons, periodical publications, and the Encyclopédie, which was published by Diderot and d'Alembert
Absolute Monarchies
- The King's power was considered a divine right from God
- The King held legislative, executive, and judicial powers
- The King controlled the economy and the army
- The Parliament had little power
Enlightened Despotism
- Kings attempted to reconcile absolutism with ideas of the Enlightenment
- Reforms occured in education, hospitals were built, and industry and commerce were promoted
- The idea was "Everything for the people, nothing by the people"
- Notable enlightened despots include Louis XV in France, Carlos III in Spain, Catherine II in Russia, Joseph II in Austria, Frederick II in Prussia, and Joseph I in Portugal
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