Podcast
Questions and Answers
Which of the following best describes the structure of society during the Ancien Régime?
Which of the following best describes the structure of society during the Ancien Régime?
- A society based on meritocracy where social status is determined by achievement.
- A classless society with equal opportunities for all individuals.
- A stratified society divided into privileged and non-privileged groups. (correct)
- A society with a fluid social structure allowing easy movement between different classes.
Enlightened despots completely abandoned absolutism in favor of Enlightenment principles.
Enlightened despots completely abandoned absolutism in favor of Enlightenment principles.
False (B)
What was the main goal of the kings during the Enlightened Despotism?
What was the main goal of the kings during the Enlightened Despotism?
reconcile absolutism with some ideas of the Enlightenment
The Enlightenment was a cultural and intellectual movement that developed in Europe during the ______ century.
The Enlightenment was a cultural and intellectual movement that developed in Europe during the ______ century.
Match the following characteristics with the correct period:
Match the following characteristics with the correct period:
Which of the following best describes the power dynamic between the King and the Parliament in an Absolute Monarchy?
Which of the following best describes the power dynamic between the King and the Parliament in an Absolute Monarchy?
The French Revolution occurred before the Ancien Régime.
The French Revolution occurred before the Ancien Régime.
Identify two main theorists associated with the Enlightenment.
Identify two main theorists associated with the Enlightenment.
The ideas of the Enlightenment spread across Europe and America through salons and periodical ______.
The ideas of the Enlightenment spread across Europe and America through salons and periodical ______.
How did Enlightened Despots typically justify their rule?
How did Enlightened Despots typically justify their rule?
Flashcards
Ancien Régime
Ancien Régime
The political and social system in Europe between the 15th and 18th centuries, before the French Revolution.
Absolutist political system
Absolutist political system
A system where the ruler has unlimited power and authority.
Agrarian economy
Agrarian economy
An economy based chiefly on agriculture.
Stratified society
Stratified society
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Enlightenment
Enlightenment
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Divine Right of Kings
Divine Right of Kings
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Enlightened Despotism
Enlightened Despotism
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Study Notes
- The 18th century is the Age of Enlightenment
Ancien Régime
- Existed between the 15th and 18th centuries, until the French Revolution
- It had an absolutist political system
- It had an agrarian economy
- Composed of a stratified society with privileged and non-privileged groups
- There was significant religious influence on people, culture, education, and art
Enlightenment
- A cultural and intellectual movement developed in Europe during the 18th century
- It was based on confidence in reason/human intelligence to understand the world and achieve progress and happiness, also known as the Age of Reason or Age of Enlightenment
- It expressed faith in human progress (science)
- It provided criticism of the Ancien Régime
- Main theorists were Montesquieu, Rousseau, and Voltaire
- Ideas associated with it spread across Europe and America through Salons (social gatherings), periodical publications, and the Encyclopedia (published by Diderot and d'Alembert)
Absolute Monarchies
- Power of the King was believed to be a divine right from God
- The King had legislative, executive, and judicial powers
- The King ran the economy and controlled the army
- The Corts or Parliament had little power
Enlightened Despotism
- Kings tried to reconcile absolutism with some ideas of the Enlightenment
- They initiated reforms in education, built hospitals, and promoted industry and commerce, epitomized by "Everything for the people, nothing by the people"
- Enlightened despots included Louis XV in France, Carlos III in Spain, Catherine II in Russia, Joseph II in Austria, Frederick II in Prussia, and Joseph I in Portugal.
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