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Questions and Answers
Which of the following pairs of anatomical terms is correctly matched?
Which of the following pairs of anatomical terms is correctly matched?
- Dorsal: Towards the belly; Ventral: Towards the back
- Anterior: Towards the tail; Posterior: Towards the head
- Anterior: Towards the head; Posterior: Towards the tail (correct)
- Dorsal: Along the side; Ventral: Along the midline
An open circulatory system is characterized by blood being confined to vessels throughout its circuit.
An open circulatory system is characterized by blood being confined to vessels throughout its circuit.
False (B)
Briefly describe the primary purpose of sexual reproduction in the animal kingdom.
Briefly describe the primary purpose of sexual reproduction in the animal kingdom.
increase genetic diversity
A structure that has lost its original function during the course of evolution is referred to as a ________ trait.
A structure that has lost its original function during the course of evolution is referred to as a ________ trait.
Match each evolutionary mechanism with its primary effect on genetic variation:
Match each evolutionary mechanism with its primary effect on genetic variation:
Flashcards
Posterior
Posterior
Toward the back (think behind).
Open Circulatory System
Open Circulatory System
Fluid (blood) is pumped through vessels and also bathes the tissues directly.
Warm Blooded
Warm Blooded
Maintains a stable internal body temperature regardless of external influence.
Bilateral Symmetry
Bilateral Symmetry
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Speciation
Speciation
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Study Notes
- Anatomy/Evolution Test Topics
Anatomical Orientation
- Dorsal vs. Ventral: Understanding the difference between the back and front (or belly) of an organism.
- Anterior vs. Posterior: Differentiating between the front (head) and rear (tail) ends.
Circulatory Systems
- Open vs. Closed Circulatory Systems: Comparing systems where blood directly bathes organs versus blood being confined to vessels.
Thermoregulation
- Cold Blooded vs. Warm Blooded: Understanding the difference between ectothermic and endothermic organisms.
Body Plan
- Bilateral Symmetry: Body plan in which only a single, imaginary line can divide the body into two equal halves.
Nervous System
- Body Systems: The purpose of the nervous system in animals.
Reproduction
- Purpose of Sexual Reproduction: The role of sexual reproduction in the animal kingdom.
Organ Functions
- Purpose of Organs: The function of various organs including:
- Esophagus
- Intestines
- Brain
- Heart (3-chambered vs. 4-chambered)
- Internal vs. Exoskeleton
- Testes
- Ovaries
- Nerve vs. Spinal Cord
- Kidney
- Lungs
Classification
- Taxonomy: The science of naming and classifying organisms.
- Phylogeny: The evolutionary history and relationships of organisms.
- Classification Tools: Utilizing cladograms and dichotomous keys for identification and classification.
Adaptations
- Physical vs. Behavioral Adaptations: Distinguishing between structural traits and actions that aid survival.
Evolution
- Natural Selection and Evolution: How natural selection drives evolutionary change.
- Natural vs. Artificial Selection: Contrasting natural processes with human-driven selection.
- Species and Speciation: The formation of new species.
- Isolation leads to Speciation and Biodiversity: Understanding how isolation contributes to new species, and increased biodiversity.
- Genetic Change: The roles of recombination and mutation in creating genetic variation.
- Homologous Structure: How common ancestry is shown in anatomy.
- Vestigial Trait: How such traits show evolution.
- Overproduction, Competition, Variation: How these concepts lead to natural selection.
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Description
Key topics for an Anatomy and Evolution test include anatomical orientation (dorsal vs. ventral, anterior vs. posterior), circulatory systems (open vs. closed), thermoregulation (cold vs. warm blooded), body plan (bilateral symmetry), nervous system, reproduction, and organ functions (esophagus, intestines, brain, heart). These topics cover fundamental aspects of animal biology and evolutionary adaptations.
