Anatomy Terminology and Movements

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Questions and Answers

Which movement describes the motion of bringing the arm towards the midline of the body?

Abduction
Flexion
Adduction (correct)
Extension

During a sit-up, what type of movement occurs at the hip joint?

Extension
Flexion (correct)
Plantarflexion
Dorsiflexion

What is the anatomical term for the direction of movement when pointing your toes towards the ground?

Extension
Dorsiflexion
Plantarflexion (correct)
Flexion

Which directional term indicates a structure located closer to the center of the body or a specific extremity?

Proximal (A) Signup and view all the answers

A ballerina performing a pirouette is demonstrating which type of movement?

Rotation (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the directional term that describes a structure located on the front of the body?

Anterior (A) Signup and view all the answers

Which plane would you be using if you were performing a bicep curl?

Sagittal (A) Signup and view all the answers

Which term describes the movement of the foot when the toes are raised up towards the shin?

Dorsiflexion (A) Signup and view all the answers

Which type of joint is the most numerous in the body?

Synovial Joints (B) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following joint types is NOT a synovial joint?

Cartilaginous Joint (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of synovial fluid?

To lubricate and cushion the joint surfaces, reducing friction during movement. (D) Signup and view all the answers

Which of these is NOT an example of a ball-and-socket joint?

Elbow Joint (C) Signup and view all the answers

What type of joint allows for to-and-fro movement, predominantly in one plane?

Hinge Joint (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary role of the pivot joint in the body?

To allow for rotation of one bone around another, like the neck vertebrae. (D) Signup and view all the answers

What type of joint allows limited movement and is crucial for growth in infancy before becoming fixed?

Fibrous Joints (A) Signup and view all the answers

Which joint type allows for the widest range of movement in the body?

Ball-and-Socket Joint (C) Signup and view all the answers

Which joint type allows for the most limited movement?

Plane (Gliding) Joint (C) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following statements accurately describes the relationship between ATP, ADP, and muscle contractions?

ATP is broken down into ADP to release energy that powers muscle contractions. (A) Signup and view all the answers

Which type of muscle is responsible for the pumping action of the heart?

Cardiac Muscle (B) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following accurately describes a key difference between skeletal muscle and smooth muscle?

Skeletal muscle is involuntary while smooth muscle is voluntary. (D) Signup and view all the answers

The process of converting glucose into ATP for muscle contractions is primarily known as:

Cellular Respiration (A) Signup and view all the answers

Based on the provided information, where might you find a condyloid/ellipsoidal joint in the body?

The knee joint (B) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following statements is TRUE about the energy release and recharge of ATP?

ADP requires energy from glucose to be converted back into ATP. (B) Signup and view all the answers

When considering the different types of muscle tissue, identify the key characteristic that distinguishes skeletal muscle from the other two types.

Skeletal muscle is the only type of muscle that is under voluntary control. (D) Signup and view all the answers

What characteristic differentiates Type IIa muscle fibers from both Type I and Type IIx fibers, particularly when it comes to their energy systems?

Type IIa fibers utilize both aerobic and anaerobic metabolism, while Type I fibers primarily use aerobic and Type IIx fibers primarily use anaerobic systems. (C) Signup and view all the answers

When considering their role in activities, which of the following statements accurately describes the contrasting functions of Type I and Type IIx fibers?

Type I fibers are highly efficient in producing force during long-duration, low-intensity activities, whereas Type IIx fibers contribute to powerful, short-duration movements. (B) Signup and view all the answers

Based on the information provided, which of the following activities would primarily engage Type I muscle fibers?

Participating in a long-distance cycling race. (C) Signup and view all the answers

Based on the information presented, what distinguishes Type IIa muscle fibers from Type IIx fibers in terms of their contraction speed and force production?

Type IIa fibers contract slower and produce less force than Type IIx fibers, while Type IIx fibers contract faster and produce greater force. (C) Signup and view all the answers

If an individual is engaging in a prolonged activity that requires consistent effort and avoids fatigue, which type of muscle fiber would they primarily rely on, and why?

Type I fibers, due to their high fatigue resistance and steady ATP production. (B) Signup and view all the answers

Why are Type I fibers often referred to as "red fibers"?

They contain high concentrations of myoglobin, a protein that binds oxygen, giving them a reddish hue. (C) Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following scenarios would most likely trigger the body to primarily utilize Type IIx muscle fibers?

Performing a set of squats with heavy weights. (C) Signup and view all the answers

Based on the information provided, what is the primary function of mitochondria within muscle fibers?

Mitochondria act as the "power plants" within cells, producing ATP from energy sources like glucose and fat. (B) Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

Anatomical Position

Standing upright, facing forward, arms at sides, and palms forward.

Sagittal Plane

Divides the body into left and right halves; movements are forward and backward.