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Questions and Answers
What surrounds the entire muscle?
Which of the following is a characteristic of muscle fibers?
What is the function of the epimysium layer?
What is the correct sequence of skeletal muscle organization?
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Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of a muscle fiber?
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What is the primary function of skeletal muscle?
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Which type of muscle is known for being involuntary and non-striated?
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What percentage of a person's body weight is made up of skeletal muscles?
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What is the term for the study of the structure, function, and diseases of muscle?
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What is a characteristic feature of skeletal muscle when examined under a microscope?
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Study Notes
Muscular System
- Muscle tissue is specialized for contraction and makes up about 40% of a person's body weight.
- There are over 650 skeletal muscles in the human body.
Types of Muscle
- There are three types of muscular tissue: skeletal muscle, cardiac muscle, and smooth muscle.
- Skeletal muscle:
- Found attached to bones of the skeleton
- Voluntary, striated
- Attached to bone and causes movement of the body
- Known as voluntary muscle because it can be contracted at will
- Appears markedly striated when examined with a microscope
- Cardiac muscle:
- Found in the heart
- Involuntary, striated, branching
- Smooth muscle:
- Found in organs
- Involuntary, non-striated
Functions of Muscle
- Produce body movements
- Maintain posture/body position
- Heat production
Microscopic Anatomy of Skeletal Muscles
- Skeletal muscle structure consists of bundles of tiny fibers that run the length of the muscle.
- Most fibers are about 3 cm long and 0.05 mm wide.
- Three connective tissue sheaths: epimysium, perimysium, and endomysium.
- Epimysium: surrounds the entire muscle, dense irregular connective tissue
- Perimysium: surrounds fascicles, dense irregular connective tissue
- Endomysium: surrounds individual muscle fibers, reticular connective tissue
- Nerves and blood vessels enter, exit, and branch throughout connective tissue.
Organization of Skeletal Muscle
- A skeletal muscle cell is called a muscle fiber.
- A muscle fiber contains organelles called myofibrils.
- Myofibrils are groups of contractile proteins, actin and myosin, arranged in a sarcomere.
- Sarcomere arrangement creates the “stripes” seen in skeletal muscle.
- Muscle fibers are grouped in bundles called fascicles.
- Perimysium layer encases the fascicles.
- Epimysium layer surrounds the muscle as a whole and binds all the muscle fibers together.
- Connective tissue called fascia surrounds the muscle outside the epimysium.
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Description
This quiz covers the basics of the muscular system, including the types of muscles, their functions, and the microscopic anatomy of skeletal muscle.