30 Questions
Where does the colon receive digested food from?
The small intestine
Which part of the colon is suspended in mesenteries?
Transverse colon
Where is the right colic flexure located?
Right lower quadrant
What is the anatomical nature of the ascending colon?
Retroperitoneal structure
What structures lie posteriorly to the ascending colon?
Iliacus and iliac crest
How long is the ascending colon?
13 cm
Which artery supplies the distal third of the transverse colon?
Left colic artery
Which nerve supply the proximal two thirds of the descending colon?
Sympathetic and vagal nerves through the superior mesenteric plexus
Where do the veins of the sigmoid colon drain into?
Inferior mesenteric vein
What forms a sling at the junction of the rectum with the anal canal?
Puborectalis portion of the levator ani muscles
Which part of the rectum is related to the posterior surface of the bladder, vas deferens, and seminal vesicles in males?
Lower third
What artery supplies the chief blood to the mucous membrane of the rectum?
Superior rectal artery
Which vessel is responsible for the venous drainage of all structures below the diaphragm?
Inferior vena cava
Which artery supplies the large intestine from the splenic flexure to the upper part of the rectum?
Inferior mesenteric artery
What is the function of the nerve supply to the rectum?
Sensory perception of stretch
Which vessel drains into the internal iliac vein?
Middle suprarenal vein
What is the function of the lumbosacral plexus?
Supplying nerve fibers to the lower limb
Which vessel arises just below the celiac artery and supplies the distal duodenum, jejuno-ileum, and part of the transverse colon?
Superior mesenteric artery
Which structures can be palpated by the finger during a digital rectal examination in both males and females?
Anorectal ring and ischial spines
What is the space between the anal canal and side wall of the pelvis called?
Ischiorectal fossa
Which structures lie in close proximity to the anal canal?
Coccyx and sacrum
What divides the anal canal into two parts with different arterial supply, venous drainage, innervation, and lymphatic drainage?
Pectinate line
During a digital rectal examination, which of the following abnormalities can be detected inside the rectal wall?
Prostatic abnormalities
What can be detected outside the rectal wall during a digital rectal examination?
Foreign bodies in the vagina
Where does the internal iliac artery originate?
Common iliac artery
Which artery supplies the lower aspect of the bladder and, in males, the prostate gland and seminal vesicles?
Inferior vesical artery
What is the terminal branch of the anterior trunk of the internal iliac artery?
Inferior gluteal artery
Which structure surrounds the upper 2/3 of the anal canal and is formed from a thickening of the involuntary circular smooth muscle in the bowel wall?
Internal anal sphincter
What is the superior aspect of the anal canal lined with?
Columnar epithelium
What divides the anal canal into upper and lower parts, differing in structure and neurovascular supply?
Pectinate line
Test your knowledge of the veins and lymph drainage system of the rectum. Explore the correspondence between rectal veins and arteries, as well as the drainage pathways into different veins and lymph nodes.
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