39 Questions
From where do the bronchial arteries arise?
Intercostal arteries
What do the bronchial veins drain?
Proximal part of the root of the lung
How many capillaries are there per alveolus in the alveolar-capillary unit?
1000-1500
Where do the pulmonary veins drain the remaining blood from?
Pulmonary capillary network
Which vessel supplies intrapulmonary structures proximal to the terminal bronchioles?
Bronchial arteries
Which arteries are also known as internal mammary arteries?
Intercostal arteries
Where do the internal thoracic arteries provide blood supply to?
Parietal pleura
What do the internal thoracic arteries branch off from?
Brachiocephalic trunk
What is the drainage pathway for the blood supplied by the internal thoracic arteries?
Internal thoracic veins
What is the common name for the internal thoracic arteries?
Internal mammary arteries
Which artery supplies the nasal cavity?
Sphenopalatine artery
What is the common site of chronic epistaxis?
Kiesselbach’s area
Which veins provide venous drainage of the nose?
Submucosal venous plexus
What is considered the 'danger area' of the face?
Region from upper lip to bridge of the nose
Which arteries supply the parietal pleura?
Internal thoracic arteries
Which arteries are responsible for supplying the larynx?
Inferior thyroid arteries
Where do the inferior thyroid arteries branch off from?
External carotid artery
What is the primary drainage route for the inferior thyroid veins?
Internal jugular vein
Which arteries are responsible for supplying the trachea?
Bronchial arteries
What is the common variation in the origin of the right bronchial artery?
It arises directly from the aorta
From where do the bronchial arteries arise?
Aorta
Where do the bronchial veins drain the blood from?
Lung stroma
What is the source of blood for the bronchial veins?
Systemic circulation
Which structure creates an admixture of oxygenated and deoxygenated blood in the lungs?
Left atrium
What does the posterior intercostal artery deliver blood to?
Connective tissue septa
What is the source of the bronchial arteries?
Aorta
Where do bronchial veins drain the proximal part of the root of the lung?
Azygos vein
What is the main function of the bronchial arteries in the lungs?
Deliver oxygenated blood at systemic pressures
From which vessel do pulmonary veins supply oxygenated blood?
Left atrium
Where do the tertiary branches of the pulmonary arteries branch from?
Pulmonary trunk
From where do the bronchial arteries arise?
Aorta
What do the bronchial arteries supply?
Connective tissue septa
Where do the bronchial veins exit the lungs?
Hilum
What is the drainage function of the bronchial arteries?
Drain the remaining blood from distal structures
How many capillaries are there per alveolus in the alveolar-capillary unit?
500
Where do the pulmonary veins supply oxygenated blood?
Lung parenchyma
What type of blood does the bronchial vein drain?
Oxygenated blood
Where do the bronchial veins drain the blood?
L bronchial vein
Which artery supplies intrapulmonary structures proximal to terminal bronchioles?
Bronchial artery
Study Notes
Blood Supply to the Lungs
- Bronchial arteries arise from the thoracic aorta or the intercostal arteries.
- Bronchial veins drain into the azygos vein or the accessory hemiazygos vein.
- Each alveolus in the alveolar-capillary unit has around 1-3 capillaries.
Pulmonary Veins
- Pulmonary veins drain oxygenated blood into the left atrium.
Blood Supply to Intrapulmonary Structures
- Bronchial arteries supply intrapulmonary structures proximal to the terminal bronchioles.
- Bronchial arteries have a dual function: oxygenating the lung tissue and providing oxygenated blood to the bronchi.
Blood Supply to the Nasal Cavity
- The nasal cavity is supplied by the nasal branches of the sphenopalatine artery.
- The common site of chronic epistaxis (nosebleed) is Kiesselbach's plexus.
- Veins providing venous drainage of the nose include the facial vein and the ophthalmic vein.
Blood Supply to the Parietal Pleura and Larynx
- Parietal pleura is supplied by the posterior intercostal arteries.
- The larynx is supplied by the laryngeal branches of the superior thyroid artery.
Inferior Thyroid Arteries and Veins
- Inferior thyroid arteries branch off from the thyrocervical trunk.
- Inferior thyroid veins drain into the brachiocephalic veins.
Tracheal Blood Supply
- The trachea is supplied by the tracheal branches of the inferior thyroid arteries.
Important Variations and Features
- The right bronchial artery may arise from the third or fourth posterior intercostal artery (common variation).
- The internal thoracic arteries branch off from the subclavian artery and provide blood supply to the anterior chest wall.
- The internal thoracic veins drain into the brachiocephalic vein.
- The "danger area" of the face is the area drained by the facial vein, which can cause infections to spread to the brain.
- The bronchial veins create an admixture of oxygenated and deoxygenated blood in the lungs.
Test your knowledge of the pulmonary blood supply and drainage system with this anatomy quiz. Explore the posterior intercostal artery, bronchial veins, and the systemic pressures involved in this intricate process.
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