Anatomy Quiz on Inguinal Hernias and Nerves

Anatomy

• Question 1: The lingual nerve is not related to the parasympathetic innervation of the submandibular gland.
• Question 2: A man experiences severe pain in the lower right quadrant when lifting heavy objects. Surgery reveals a hernial sac above the inguinal ligament and lateral inferior epigastric vessels. This is an indirect inguinal hernia.
• Question 3: Ectopic pregnancies and egg harvesting utilize the rectouterine (Douglas) pouch of the vagina.
• Question 4: Lingual carcinoma in the posterior tongue metastasizes to the inferior deep cervical lymph nodes.
• Question 5: The lower half of the anal canal is sensitive to pain, temperature, touch, and pressure.

Anatomy (continued)

• Question 6: The root of the mesentery runs from the duodenojejunal junction to the ileocecal junction_ crossing the right ureter, abdominal aorta, and horizontal/ascending portions of the duodenum; the left testicular or ovarian vessels are not crossed.

• Question 7: Ligation of the splenic artery near the celiac trunk, to stop bleeding from a ruptured spleen, is least likely to affect the greater omentum.

• Question 8: Paralysis of the hyoglossus muscle causes the tongue to fall posteriorly.

• Question 9: Peyer's patches are observed in the ileum.

• Question 10: The vagus nerve does not innervate the appendix vermiform.

Anatomy (continued)

• Question 11: A 60-year-old woman experiencing abdominal pain, most likely does not have an issue with portions of the inferior mesenteric artery.
• Question 12: A midline incision between the two rectus sheaths is an arcuate line/approch.
• Question 13: The auriculotemporal nerve passes through the sphenomandibular ligament.
• Question 14: The lateral pterygoid muscle attaches to the articular disc of the TMJ.
• Question 15: During a laparoscopic cholecystectomy, clamping the common hepatic artery is the most likely iatrogenic vessel occlusion.
• Question 16: The inferior mesenteric vein joins the inferior vena cava.
• Question 1: The major duodenal papilla is the correct answer to the diagram of the digestive system.
• Question 49 (Anatomy): The structure pointed to by the arrow is the uncinate process of the pancreas.The muscle shown in the diagram is the temporalis muscle. The artery shown in the diagram is the superior epigastric artery.
• Question 50(Anatomy): The area labeled in the diagram is the pectinate line/transitional zone. The artery labeled in the diagram is the gastroduodenal artery
• Question 50 (continued): The ligament in the diagram is the hepatoduodenal ligament.
• Question 51 (Anatomy): The structure in the diagram is the sublingual duct.

Physiology

• Question 1: The statement that's incorrect is: Triglyceride component of chylomicrons is removed by triglyceride hydrolase located on the vascular endothelium.
• Question 2: Short chain fatty acids in the large intestine enhance water absorption.
• Question 3: Gluconeogenesis is inhibited during the fasting state.
• Question 4: Cholecysokin stimulates the pancreas to release stored juice, not contract the pancreas itself.
• Question 5: Gastric acidity inhibits D-cells; ECL cells induce parietal cells.
• Question 6: Dipeptides are absorbed with Na+ through the intestine in the same way as glucose.

Physiology (continued)

• Question 7: The hepatic artery supplies the majority of the blood supply to the liver. It is not least likely to be affected by ligation.
• Question 8: The functions of colonic microflora include immune modulation, bilirubin urobilinogen conversion, intestinal barrier regulation, and vitamin production.
• Question 9: Hepatic circulation involves 10% cardiac output, and the cells in zone 3 are closest to the central vein.
• Question 10: The capillaries of the liver have the ability to shift blood flow during hemorrhage.
• Question 11: Peristalsis, occurring during feeding, is the pattern in the small intestinal motility.
• Question 12: Thiamine deficiency does not involve anemia.

Physiology (continued)

• Question 13: Inhibition of the ventromedial nucleus of the hypothalamus is not associated with increased feeding behavior.
• Question 14: The principal paracrine secretion involved in regulating gastric acid secretion is somatostatin.
• Question 15: Norepinephrine stimulates blood flow and parasympathetic input to the parotid gland is regulated by CN VII (the facial nerve).
• Question 16: Pancreatic acini do not contain chymotripsinogen

Other

• Question 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24 & 25, 26, 27, 28, 29, & 30 Details are numerous; please reference specific questions for detailed notes.