Podcast
Questions and Answers
What serves as the standard reference point for anatomical descriptions?
What serves as the standard reference point for anatomical descriptions?
Which of the following terms describes a location toward the head?
Which of the following terms describes a location toward the head?
In anatomical terminology, which term means 'away from the midline of the body'?
In anatomical terminology, which term means 'away from the midline of the body'?
Which anatomical direction is described as 'closer to the point of attachment'?
Which anatomical direction is described as 'closer to the point of attachment'?
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What does the term 'contralateral' indicate?
What does the term 'contralateral' indicate?
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Which of the following pairs of terms are opposites in anatomical direction?
Which of the following pairs of terms are opposites in anatomical direction?
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In anatomical terms, which of the following is true about a structure described as 'deep'?
In anatomical terms, which of the following is true about a structure described as 'deep'?
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What does the term 'inferior' describe?
What does the term 'inferior' describe?
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Study Notes
Introduction to Anatomy & Physiology II
- Instructor: Dr. Na'Lexxus Browne, MD, BMSc
- Course focused on Human Anatomy and Physiology 1 (NURS1108)
Medical Terminology in A&P
Anatomical Position
- Defined as a standing posture with feet parallel and flat on the ground.
- Head is level, eyes gaze forward, arms are at the sides with palms facing forward, thumbs pointed outward.
- Serves as a reference for describing body positions, movements, and planes.
Anatomical Directions
- Utilize specific directional terms that have opposites for clarity.
Table of Orientation and Directional Terms
- Superior (cranial): Indicates a position toward the head; e.g., the head is superior to the abdomen.
- Inferior (caudal): Indicates a position toward the feet; e.g., the navel is inferior to the chest.
- Anterior (ventral): Refers to a position toward the front; e.g., the breastbone is anterior to the spine.
- Posterior (dorsal): Refers to a position toward the back; e.g., the heart is posterior to the breastbone.
Additional Anatomical Directions
- Medial: Toward the midline of the body; e.g., the heart is medial to the arm.
- Lateral: Away from the midline; e.g., the arms are lateral to the chest.
- Proximal: Closer to the body's point of attachment; e.g., the elbow is proximal to the wrist.
- Distal: Farther from the body's point of attachment; e.g., the knee is distal to the thigh.
Further Orientation and Directional Terms
- Superficial (external): Toward the body surface; e.g., the skin is superficial to the skeletal muscles.
- Deep (internal): Away from the body surface; e.g., the lungs are deep to the skin.
- Ipsilateral: Located on the same side; e.g., the right hand and right foot are ipsilateral.
- Contralateral: Located on opposite sides; e.g., the right hand and left foot are contralateral.
Anatomical Body Planes
- A plane is an imaginary surface that sections the body or an organ into parts, facilitating the description of anatomy.
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Description
This quiz covers key concepts from Lecture 2 of Anatomy & Physiology II, focusing on the anatomical position and medical terminology relevant to the field. Understand the fundamental aspects that lay the groundwork for more advanced studies in human anatomy.
