Anatomy Pelvis Flashcards

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Questions and Answers

What is the difference between the true pelvis and the false pelvis?

True pelvis is the pelvis minor, inferior to the pelvic brim, enclosed by the sacrum, ischium, pubis, and pelvic portions of the ilium. False pelvis is the pelvis major, space between the iliac crests, with the pelvic brim as its inferior boundary.

What feature marks the posterior portion of the pelvic brim?

Sacral promontory

What are the three bones that make up an os coxa?

Ilium, ischium, and pubis

What is the large opening surrounded by the three bones of the os coxa?

Obturator foramen Signup and view all the answers

What two muscles form the wall of the false pelvis?

Iliacus and psoas muscle Signup and view all the answers

What are the two principal muscles that make up the wall of the true pelvis?

Obturator internus and piriformis muscle Signup and view all the answers

What is the larger and more important muscle of the pelvic diaphragm?

Levator ani muscle Signup and view all the answers

What is the principal artery that supplies blood to the pelvis, including the wall and contents?

Internal iliac artery Signup and view all the answers

What branch of the sacral plexus innervates the perineum and external genitalia?

Pudendal nerve Signup and view all the answers

What is the name of the peritoneal space that is anterior to the rectum in males?

Rectovesical pouch Signup and view all the answers

What is the name of the peritoneal space that is inferior to the uterus?

Vesicouterine pouch Signup and view all the answers

What structure is between the urinary bladder and the pelvic floor in males?

Prostate gland Signup and view all the answers

What are the three parts of the male urethra and where are they located?

Prostatic urethra in the prostate gland, membranous urethra in the urogenital diaphragm Signup and view all the answers

What are the three peritoneal ligaments that are attached to the ovaries?

Suspensory ligament, ovarian ligament, and broad ligament Signup and view all the answers

What are the four peritoneal ligaments that are attached to the uterus?

Round ligament, broad ligament, uterosacral ligament, and cardinal ligament Signup and view all the answers

What are the three parts of the uterus and which part projects into the vagina?

Fundus, body, and cervix that projects into the vagina Signup and view all the answers

Describe the normal position of the uterus.

The uterus is typically anteverted and anteflexed Signup and view all the answers

What is the relationship of the epididymis to the testes?

The epididymis sits posterior to the testes and stores sperm Signup and view all the answers

What are the components of the spermatic cord?

Ductus deferens, testicular artery, pampiniform plexus, and neural and connective tissue Signup and view all the answers

Name and state the location of three glands associated with the male's reproductive system.

Prostate gland (surrounds urethra), seminal vesicles (posterior to bladder), bulbourethral glands (at base of penis) Signup and view all the answers

Name two muscles in the anal region of the perineum and three muscles in the urogenital region.

Anal region: External anal sphincter, levator ani; Urogenital region: Bulbospongiosus, ischiocavernosus, and superficial transverse perineal muscle Signup and view all the answers

What are two types of vestibular glands in the female, where are they located, and what are they homologous to in the males?

Bartholin's glands (posterior to vaginal opening) and Skene's glands (near urethral opening), homologous to prostate glands in males Signup and view all the answers

What are the two components of the root of the penis, what is their composition, where are they attached, and what muscles are associated with each one?

Crus (attached to ischium) and bulb (attached to perineal body), associated with ischiocavernosus and bulbospongiosus muscles respectively Signup and view all the answers

What are three columns of erectile tissue in the penis?

Corpora cavernosa (two) and corpus spongiosum (one), where corpus spongiosum contains the urethra Signup and view all the answers

What is the inferior boundary of the pelvis major?

Pelvic brim Signup and view all the answers

What articulates with the auricular surface of the sacrum?

Ilium Signup and view all the answers

What bones form the os coxa?

Ilium, ischium, pubis Signup and view all the answers

What do the three bones of the os coxa meet?

Acetabulum Signup and view all the answers

What muscle forms the lateral wall of the pelvis minor?

Obturator internus Signup and view all the answers

What muscle fills the greater sciatic notch?

Piriformis muscle Signup and view all the answers

What are the two muscles of the pelvic diaphragm?

Levator ani and coccygeus muscles Signup and view all the answers

What muscle of the perineum extends from the ischial tuberosity to the central tendon?

Superficial transverse perineal muscle Signup and view all the answers

What blood vessel provides the drainage from the pelvic viscera?

Internal iliac vein Signup and view all the answers

What branch of the sacral plexus innervates the perineum and external anal sphincter?

Pudendal nerve Signup and view all the answers

In the male, the rectovesical pouch is a peritoneal cul-de-sac.

True Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Differences in Pelvis

True pelvis (pelvis minor): space below the pelvic brim, enclosed by sacrum, ischium, pubis, and parts of ilium.
False pelvis (pelvis major): space between iliac crests, bound above by the pelvic brim.

Pelvic Anatomy

Posterior pelvic brim marked by the sacral promontory (anterior margin of S1).
Os coxa consists of three bones: ilium, ischium, and pubis.
Obturator foramen: large opening surrounded by the os coxa bones.

Muscle Structure

Wall of the false pelvis formed by iliacus and psoas muscles.
True pelvis wall consists of obturator internus and piriformis muscles.
Levator ani muscle is the major muscle of the pelvic diaphragm.

Blood and Nerve Supply

Internal iliac artery supplies blood to the pelvis, including walls and contents.
Pudendal nerve, a branch of the sacral plexus, innervates the perineum and external genitalia.

Peritoneal Spaces

Male rectovesical pouch: peritoneal space anterior to the rectum.
Female rectouterine pouch: equivalent peritoneal space in females.
Vesicouterine pouch: located inferior to the uterus.

Urogenital Structures

Prostate gland sits between the urinary bladder and pelvic floor in males.
Male urethra comprises three parts: prostatic urethra (in prostate), membranous urethra (in urogenital diaphragm).

Female Reproductive Anatomy

Ovaries are attached to three peritoneal ligaments.
Uterus has four attaching peritoneal ligaments.
Uterine structure includes three parts: fundus, body, cervix (projects into the vagina).

Additional Reproductive Details

Relationship of the epididymis to the testes involves its positioning and support for sperm maturation.
Spermatic cord contains components vital for male reproductive functions.
Three glands associated with male reproductive system serve crucial roles in fertility.

Perineal Region Muscles

Anal region includes two muscles; urogenital region includes three other muscles for support and function.
Two types of vestibular glands in females are homologous to male structures, enhancing understanding of reproductive anatomy.

Penile Structure

Root of the penis consists of two components, attached to pelvic structures, associated with different muscles.
Three columns of erectile tissue in the penis: one containing the urethra holds significant relevance for sexual function.

Pelvic Boundaries and Articulations

Inferior boundary of the pelvis major is defined as the pelvic brim.
Auricular surface of the sacrum articulates with specific structures for stability and movement.

Conclusion of Anatomy

Os coxa is formed by the union of ilium, ischium, and pubis at the acetabulum.
Function and support of the pelvic diaphragm and surrounding muscles uphold the integrity of the pelvic region.

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Description

Test your knowledge on the anatomy of the pelvis with this set of flashcards. Learn the differences between the true and false pelvis, along with other key features of pelvic anatomy. Perfect for students in anatomy courses or those preparing for medical examinations.