12 Questions
The mammalian heart is a hollow organ and is surrounded by a double membrane, called the ______.
pericardium
The space between the 2 membranes is filled with a watery fluid which prevents ______ when the heart beats.
friction
A transverse and a longitudinal ______ are visible on the surface of the heart.
groove
Entering the right atrium are the superior ______ and the inferior vena cava.
vena cava
From the upper central portion of the heart arise the pulmonary ______ with right and left branches.
artery
Draw a complete labelled diagram for the external view of the heart of a ______ in the empty page.
sheep
The ______________ gland is labelled in Figure 4 of the external features of toad.
submaxillary
The ______________ system of rabbit is depicted in Figure 39.
digestive
The ______________ is a part of the male urinogenital system of rabbit shown in Figure 44.
vas deferens
The ______________ bladder is a part of the urinary system in both toad and rabbit.
urinary
The ______________ tube is part of the female urinogenital system of rabbit shown in Figure 44.
Fallopian
The ______________ sac is a part of the male urinogenital system of rabbit shown in Figure 44.
scrotal
Study Notes
External Features of Toad
- Submaxillary gland is a distinct feature
- Buccopharyngeal cavity is a characteristic of toad's anatomy
- Ventral superficial muscles are present in toads
- General visera of toad include duodenum, ileum, cloaca, and cloacal opening
Digestive System of Toad
- Digestive system consists of duodenum, ileum, and cloaca
Urinogenital System of Toad
- Male urinogenital system consists of kidney, ureter, urinary bladder, urethra, penis, vas deferens, spermatic cord, Cowper's gland, perineal gland, testis, epididymis, scrotal sac, prostate gland, and adrenal gland
- Female urinogenital system consists of kidney, ureter, urinary bladder, vulva, ovary, Fallopian funnel, Fallopian tube, peritoneum, uterus, vagina, vestibule, Cowper's gland, perineal gland, and adrenal gland
Skull of Rabbit
- Skull of rabbit has a distinct dorsal view
- Half of the lower jaw of rabbit has characteristic features
Mammalian Heart
- Mammalian heart is a hollow organ surrounded by a double membrane called the pericardium
- Space between the membranes is filled with a watery fluid to prevent friction
- Heart has transverse and longitudinal grooves indicating the positions of inner walls
- Heart is divided into 4 chambers: 2 upper chambers (atria) and 2 larger lower chambers (ventricles)
- Coronary arteries and veins are visible on the grooves
- Right atrium receives superior vena cava and inferior vena cava
- Left atrium receives 4 pulmonary veins
- Pulmonary artery and aorta arise from the upper central portion of the heart
Test your knowledge of the external and internal features of a toad through these labelled diagrams. Identify the different parts of the toad's body, including the buccopharyngeal cavity, ventral superficial muscles, digestive system, and urinogenital systems.
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