Anatomy of the Vertebral Column and Thoracic Cage

The five major regions of the vertebral column are the cervical, thoracic, lumbar, sacral, and coccygeal regions.

A lumbar vertebra is much larger and stouter than a cervical vertebra. The transverse processes of lumbar are thick and short, and the spinous process is thick and robust.

A true rib attaches directly to the sternum through costal cartilages.

<p>The third group of bones forming the thoracic cage are the twelve thoracic vertebrae.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The ribs and skull bones belong to the flat bone class.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The two primary spinal curvatures present at birth are the thoracic and sacral curvatures.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>A newborn baby's spine has a single, C-shaped curve, while an adult's spine has four distinct curves. These four curves provide flexibility, strength, and balance for the human body.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The scapula, or shoulder blade, helps to form the shoulder joint and provides a base for the attachment of muscles that allow for arm movement.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The clavicle, or collarbone, acts as a brace to hold the arm away from the top of the thorax and helps prevent shoulder dislocation.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The glenoid cavity is a shallow socket that receives the head of the humerus, forming the shoulder joint.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The acromion is the enlarged lateral end of the scapula that forms the peak of the shoulder.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The coracoid process is a beaklike projection on the scapula that serves as a point of attachment for several important muscles.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The acromioclavicular joint connects the acromion of the scapula with the lateral end of the clavicle.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The scapular notch is a passageway for the suprascapular nerve.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The humerus, or upper arm bone, forms the bony framework of the arm.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The male pelvic inlet is heart shaped while the female is oval. The female pelvis is broader, shallower, and has a wider subpubic angle. The male pelvis is narrower, deeper, and has a narrower subpubic angle.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The five major regions of the vertebral column are the cervical, thoracic, lumbar, sacral, and coccygeal regions.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>A lumbar vertebra is larger and sturdier than a cervical vertebra, with a thicker body and shorter spinous process. It also lacks the transverse foramina found in cervical vertebrae.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The costal cartilages</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Flat bones</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The primary curvatures, which are the thoracic and sacral curvatures.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>A newborn baby's spine has a C-shaped curvature, with a single, continuous curve. As the infant grows, the secondary curvatures develop, resulting in the S-shaped curve characteristic of an adult spine.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The scapula attaches to the clavicle and humerus.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The two important processes of the scapula are the acromion and coracoid process.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The glenoid cavity is a shallow socket on the scapula that receives the head of the humerus, forming the shoulder joint.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The supraspinatus notch is a nerve passageway located on the scapula, above the glenoid cavity.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The exceptional freedom of movement in the upper limb is attributed to several factors, including the loose attachment of the scapula, which allows it to slide back and forth against the thorax, the shallow glenoid cavity, the light weight of the shoulder girdle, and the fact that each shoulder girdle attaches to the axial skeleton at only one point, the sternoclavicular joint.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The skeletal framework of the upper limb consists of 30 separate bones, encompassing the arm, forearm, and hand.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The humerus is a single, long bone that forms the arm, classified as a typical long bone.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The five major regions of the vertebral column are the cervical, thoracic, lumbar, sacral, and coccygeal regions.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>A lumbar vertebra can be distinguished from a cervical vertebra by its larger size, heart-shaped body, and the presence of a spinous process that is short and blunt.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The third group of bones is the costal cartilages, which attach the true ribs to the sternum.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The ribs and skull bones are classified as flat bones.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The primary curves, known as the thoracic and sacral curvatures, are present at birth. The secondary curves, the cervical and lumbar curvatures, develop later in life as the infant begins to hold its head up and walk.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>A newborn baby's spine has a single, pronounced C-shaped curve, while an adult's spine has four distinct curves (cervical, thoracic, lumbar, and sacral).</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The pectoral girdle is made up of two bones: the clavicle and the scapula.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The acromioclavicular joint connects the acromion of the scapula with the lateral end of the clavicle.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The glenoid cavity is a shallow socket on the scapula that articulates with the head of the humerus to form the shoulder joint.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The suprascapular notch is a passageway for the suprascapular nerve and artery, which provide sensory and motor innervation to muscles in the shoulder region.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The three angles of the scapula are the superior, lateral, and medial angles.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The sternoclavicular joint connects the clavicle to the sternum, providing a stable base for the pectoral girdle and supporting movement of the upper limb.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The humerus is the single bone that forms the arm.</p> Signup and view all the answers