Anatomy of the Pancreas Overview
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Questions and Answers

What is the largest of the digestive glands?

Pancreas

What is the approximate size of the pancreas?

12-15cm

The pancreas is located in the peritoneal cavity.

False

Describe the surface texture of the pancreas?

<p>Firm, lobulated, smooth surface</p> Signup and view all the answers

Where does the pancreas extend across?

<p>The posterior abdominal wall</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the location of the pancreas in relation to the epigastric region?

<p>Epigastric region - left hypocondriac region</p> Signup and view all the answers

What anatomical structures surround the pancreas?

<p>Between the duodenum and spleen</p> Signup and view all the answers

The pancreas is located behind the stomach.

<p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are the two main functions of the pancreas?

<p>Endocrine</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are the parts of the pancreas?

<p>Head</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the location of the head of the pancreas?

<p>Lies to the right of the midline, anterior and to the right side of the vertebral column within the duodenal curve</p> Signup and view all the answers

The upper border of the head of the pancreas is overlapped by the inferior part of the duodenum.

<p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

The uncinate process is a downward projection.

<p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

Describe the relationship between the uncinate process and the mesenteric vessels.

<p>Upward projection from head posterior to superior mesenteric vessels anterior to aorta</p> Signup and view all the answers

What structures are anterior to the head of the pancreas?

<p>All of the above</p> Signup and view all the answers

The posterior aspect of the head of the pancreas is located anterior to the right crus of diafragma.

<p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

What structures lie behind the head of the pancreas?

<p>All of the above</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the size of the neck of the pancreas?

<p>2 cm</p> Signup and view all the answers

Describe the relationship between the neck of the pancreas and the head and body?

<p>Between the head and body.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What structures are posterior to the neck of the pancreas?

<p>Both A and B</p> Signup and view all the answers

The body of the pancreas is separated from the stomach by the lesser omental bursa.

<p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

The body of the pancreas has a circular cross-section.

<p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are the surfaces of the body of the pancreas?

<p>All of the above</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are the borders of the body of the pancreas?

<p>All of the above</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the relationship between the anterosuperior surface of the body of the pancreas and the peritoneum?

<p>Covered by peritoneum</p> Signup and view all the answers

What structures are anterior to the posterior surface of the body of the pancreas?

<p>SMA, aorta, renal vessels, left suprarenal gland, left kidney</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the relationship between the anteroinferior surface of the body of the pancreas and the duodenojejunal junction?

<p>Superior to duodenojejunal junction and coils of jejunum</p> Signup and view all the answers

What structures are found on the superior border of the body of the pancreas?

<p>All of the above</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the relationship between the inferior border of the body of the pancreas and the anteroinferior surfaces?

<p>Separates posterior from anteroinferior surfaces</p> Signup and view all the answers

The inferior border of the pancreas is where the inferior mesenteric vessels emerge from.

<p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

The splenic vein joins the inferior mesenteric vein on the posterior surface of the pancreas.

<p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

Describe the relationship between the anterior border of the body of the pancreas and the anterosuperior and anteroinferior surfaces.

<p>Separates anterosuperior from anteroinferior surfaces</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the relationship between the transverse mesocolon and the anterior border of the body of the pancreas?

<p>Along this border, two layers of transverse mesocolon diverge; one passing up over ant surface, the other over inf surface</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the anatomical connection between the tail of the pancreas and the spleen?

<p>Splenorenal ligament</p> Signup and view all the answers

What structures does the tail of the pancreas contain?

<p>All of the above</p> Signup and view all the answers

Explain the connection between the uncinate process and the head of the pancreas.

<p>Extends from the inferior lateral end of the head of the gland</p> Signup and view all the answers

The uncinate process developed from the same embryonic origin as the rest of the pancreas.

<p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the location of the uncinate process in relation to the superior mesenteric vessels?

<p>Lies posterior to the superior mesenteric vessels</p> Signup and view all the answers

What structure is anterior to the uncinate process?

<p>Aorta</p> Signup and view all the answers

On what part of the duodenum is the uncinate process located?

<p>The upper surface of the third part of the duodenum</p> Signup and view all the answers

The exocrine pancreatic tissue drains into a single duct that connects to the duodenum.

<p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

The arrangement of the main ducts draining the pancreas is the same in every human.

<p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is another name for the main pancreatic duct?

<p>Wirsung</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the alternative name for the hepatopancreatic ampulla?

<p>Ampulla of Vater</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is another name for the major duodenal papilla?

<p>Papilla of Vater</p> Signup and view all the answers

The accessory pancreatic duct drains the uncinate process and the lower part of the head of the pancreas.

<p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are the sphincters associated with the control of bile and pancreatic juice flow?

<p>All of the above</p> Signup and view all the answers

The hepatopancreatic sphincter is a voluntary muscle.

<p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is another name for the hepatopancreatic sphincter?

<p>Sphincter of Oddi</p> Signup and view all the answers

The flow of bile and pancreatic juice into the duodenum is regulated by smooth muscle sphincters.

<p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are the arteries that supply the pancreas?

<p>All of the above</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are the veins that drain blood from the pancreas?

<p>All of the above</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are the lymphatic pathways associated with the pancreas?

<p>All of the above</p> Signup and view all the answers

What nerves innervate the pancreas?

<p>Both A and B</p> Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Pancreas Overview

  • Largest digestive gland, measuring 12-15cm in length
  • Retroperitoneal, meaning it's behind the abdominal wall
  • Firm, lobulated, with a smooth surface
  • Located in the epigastric region, left hypocondriac region, between the duodenum and spleen, and behind the stomach.
  • Has both endocrine and exocrine functions.

Pancreas Parts

  • Head: Located to the right of the midline, anterior to the vertebral column within the duodenal curve. Its upper border is overlapped by the superior part of the duodenum. Uncinate process projects upward from the head, posterior to the superior mesenteric vessels, and anterior to the aorta.
  • Neck: Lies between the head and body, approximately 2 cm long.
  • Body: Separated from the stomach by the omental bursa. It has an anterosuperior, posterior, and anteroinferior surfaces. Three borders (anterior, superior, and inferior)
  • Tail: Connected to the splenorenal ligament, the tail of the pancreas is behind the splenic artery and splenic vein.

Pancreatic Ducts

  • Exocrine pancreatic tissue drains into multiple small lobular ducts.
  • Main pancreatic duct (of Wirsung) is the commonest arrangement and has a single accessory duct.
  • Hepatopancreatic ampulla (ampulla of Vater) is where the pancreatic and common bile ducts merge. This structure is located near the major duodenal papilla where the digestive juices empty into the duodenum.
  • Accessory Pancreatic duct
  • Minor duodenal papilla
  • Upper part of head

Sphincters

  • Sphincter of pancreatic duct
  • Sphincter of bile duct
  • Hepatopancreatic sphincter (sphincter of Oddi)
  • Smooth muscle sphincters control the flow of bile and pancreatic juice into the duodenum.

Arteries

  • Splenic artery
  • Gastroduodenal artery
  • Superior pancreaticoduodenal artery
  • Inferior pancreaticoduodenal artery

Veins

  • Portal vein
  • Splenic vein
  • Superior mesenteric vein

Lymphatics

  • Pancreoticosplenic LN
  • Celiac LN
  • Superior mesenteric LN

Nerves

  • Vagus nerve
  • Thoracic splanchnic nerves

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Related Documents

Pancreas Anatomy PDF

Description

Explore the detailed anatomy and functions of the pancreas, the largest digestive gland in the human body. This quiz covers the structure, location, and various parts of the pancreas, including the head, neck, body, and tail, emphasizing its critical endocrine and exocrine roles.

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