Anatomy of the Pancreas
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Questions and Answers

What is the location of the pancreas in the body?

  • Retroperitoneal organ (correct)
  • Anterior abdominal wall
  • Pelvic region
  • Peritoneal cavity

What is the main function of the exocrine part of the pancreas?

  • Producing hormones for digestion
  • Synthesizing digestive enzymes (correct)
  • Storing bile
  • Regulating blood sugar levels

What is the name of the spot where the pancreatic and bile ducts release their secretions into the intestine?

  • Ampulla of Vater (correct)
  • Common bile duct
  • Duodenal papilla
  • Pancreatic duct

What is the most common cause of acute pancreatitis?

<p>Gallstones in the bile duct (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of B cells in the islets of Langerhans?

<p>Producing insulin (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What percentage of pancreatitis cases are caused by postoperative iatrogenic pancreatitis?

<p>1-3% (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following enzymes is activated first in the autodigestion process of acute pancreatitis?

<p>Trypsin (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the most common cause of idiopathic pancreatitis?

<p>Passage of minute stones through the sphincter of Oddi (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the result of the release of kallikrein and chymotrypsin in acute pancreatitis?

<p>Increased capillary membrane permeability (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following medications is a known cause of drug-induced pancreatitis?

<p>Corticosteroids (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the normal function of the acinar cells in the pancreas?

<p>To synthesize and secrete digestive enzymes to assist in the breakdown of starch, fat, and proteins (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of the enzyme elastase?

<p>Dissolution of elastic fibers of blood vessels and ducts (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the likely cause of hypocalcemia in severe cases of pancreatic enzyme imbalance?

<p>Binding of calcium with fatty acid and soap (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary symptom that distinguishes pancreatic enzyme imbalance from other abdominal conditions?

<p>Severe epigastric pain relieved by the prayer's position (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the likely cause of cyanosis in severe cases of pancreatic enzyme imbalance?

<p>Release of interleukins and cytokines (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the likely cause of shock in severe cases of pancreatic enzyme imbalance?

<p>Hypovolemia and circulating kinins (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the systemic response caused by the proteolytic activity of liberated enzymes?

<p>Systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS) and multiorgan failure (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary indication for surgical intervention in cases of pancreatitis?

<p>Doubtful diagnosis after exploration (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a nursing diagnosis related to pancreatic obstruction?

<p>Acute Pain (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary goal of nursing management in patients with pancreatitis?

<p>Achieve afebrile status (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a symptom of pancreatitis, according to the nursing diagnosis?

<p>All of the above (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why is fluid volume deficit a concern in patients with pancreatitis?

<p>Due to nausea, vomiting, and fever (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the recommended frequency for monitoring vital signs in patients with pancreatitis?

<p>Every 2 hours (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the diagnostic level of serum Amylase?

<p>&gt; 1000 somogyi units (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the benefit of performing CT scan with IV contrast?

<p>It reveals enlargement of the pancreas and peripancreatic edema (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the significance of performing CT scan at least 48 hours after the onset of symptoms?

<p>To detect the extent of pancreatic necrosis (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the presence of hemorrhagic fluids and pancreatic enzymes in paracentesis indicate?

<p>Pancreatitis (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the goal of conservative treatment in severe cases of pancreatitis?

<p>To support different body systems (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of Laparotomy in the diagnosis of pancreatitis?

<p>To diagnose pancreatitis (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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