30 Questions
What is the main structure that the superior thyroid artery supplies?
Connective tissue of the thyroid gland
What is the origin of the inferior thyroid artery?
Thyrocervical trunk of the subclavian artery
What is the foramen caecum of the tongue?
The remnant of the thyroglossal duct
At what week does the thyroid gland begin to function?
10th-12th week
Which of the following veins drains into the left brachio-cephalic vein?
Inferior thyroid vein
What is the origin of the parafollicular cells of the thyroid?
Ultimo-branchial body of the 4th pharyngeal pouch
What is the location of the carotid sheath and its contents in relation to the thyroid gland?
Posteriorly
Which of the following arteries is inconstant?
Thyroidea ima artery
What is the result of infection of a thyroglossal cyst?
Thyroglossal fistula
What is the pyramidal lobe?
The distal part of the thyroglossal duct
What is the origin of the thyroidea ima artery?
Brachiocephalic or left common carotid or arch of aorta
Where can ectopic thyroid tissue be found?
Anywhere along the path of descent of the thyroid gland
What is the result of underactivity of the thyroid gland?
Hypothyroidism
During thyroid operations, which nerve is closely related to the inferior thyroid artery?
Recurrent laryngeal nerve
What is the term for severely stunted physical and mental growth due to untreated congenital deficiency of thyroid hormones?
Cretinism
What is the characteristic of the thyroid gland that allows it to move with deglutition?
Attachment to the pretracheal fascia
What is the sequence of events in the development of the thyroid gland?
Median endodermal thickening, development from oral cavity, and thyroid diverticulum
What is the term for the enlargement of the thyroid gland that occurs in Grave's disease?
Physiological goitre
What is the main component of the secretory granules found in the cytoplasm of parathyroid gland cells?
Parathyroid hormone
What happens to the secretory cells in the parathyroid gland with increasing age?
They are replaced with adipocytes
What is the function of oxyphil cells in the parathyroid gland?
Their function is not known
Which of the following arteries supply the parathyroid gland with blood?
Superior thyroid artery and Inferior thyroid artery
What is the opposite effect of parathyroid hormone on blood calcium levels?
Lowering blood calcium levels
What is the main function of parathyroid hormone?
To elevate blood calcium levels by removing calcium from bones
What is the main function of calcitonin?
To lower blood calcium levels by inhibiting bone resorption
Where are the parathyroid glands located?
In the thyroid capsule, behind the thyroid gland
What is the origin of the superior parathyroid glands?
Fourth pharyngeal pouch
What is the characteristic of the chief cells in the parathyroid gland?
They are cuboidal or small polygonal cells with a vesicular nucleus
What is the effect of elevated blood calcium levels on calcitonin secretion?
It triggers calcitonin secretion
What is the structure that supports the cordlike clusters of secretory cells in the parathyroid gland?
Reticular fibers
Test your knowledge of the anatomy of the neck, including the thyroid gland, carotid sheath, sympathetic trunk, and surrounding muscles, tubes, nerves, and cartilages. This quiz covers the contents of the carotid sheath, the blood supply of the thyroid gland, and more.
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