60 Questions
Which bone is NOT part of the lower limb?
Radius
Which joint connects the pelvis and the sacrum?
Sacroiliac joint
Which ligament is NOT found in the gluteal region?
Iliofemoral ligament
Which muscle compartment is located anteriorly in the lower limb?
Anterior compartment
Which bone is responsible for weight bearing in the lower limb?
Tibia
Which movement is NOT possible in the lower limb?
Rotation
Which bone is NOT part of the foot?
Carpals
Which bone is located on the lateral side of the lower limb?
Fibula
Which region of the lower limb is responsible for adduction?
Medial compartment
Which bone is NOT part of the pelvis?
Femur
Which muscle is responsible for extension and lateral rotation of the hip joint?
Gluteus maximus
What is the main action of the gluteus medius and minimus muscles?
Abduction and medial rotation of the hip joint
Which muscles are equivalent to the rotator cuff in the hip joint?
Piriformis, Gemellus superior, Obturator internus, Gemellus inferior
Which muscle is responsible for lateral rotation of the hip joint?
Piriformis
Which muscle is responsible for flexion of the hip joint?
Rectus femoris
Which muscle is responsible for extension of the knee joint?
Quadriceps
Which muscle is responsible for adduction of the hip joint?
Gluteus medius
Which muscle is responsible for dorsiflexion (or extension) of the foot?
Anterior compartment muscles of the leg
Which muscle is responsible for plantarflexion (or flexion) of the foot?
Posterior compartment muscles of the leg
Which muscle is responsible for inversion of the foot?
Tibialis anterior
Which muscle is responsible for flexion and external rotation of the hip joint, as well as flexion of the knee joint?
Sartorius muscle
Which nerve supplies the quadriceps muscles?
Femoral nerve
Which muscles are responsible for extension of the hip joint and flexion of the knee joint, as well as medial and lateral rotation of the knee joint?
Hamstrings
Which nerve supplies the hamstrings?
Sciatic nerve
Which muscles are responsible for adduction and medial rotation of the hip joint?
Adductor muscles
Which nerve supplies most of the adductor muscles, except for the pectineus?
Obturator nerve
Which muscles are involved in flexion of the hip joint?
Quadriceps muscles
Which muscles are involved in extension of the hip joint?
Hamstrings
Which muscles are involved in abduction of the hip joint?
Sartorius muscle
Which muscles are involved in medial and lateral rotation of the hip joint?
Adductor muscles
Which bone is responsible for weight bearing in the lower limb?
Tibia
Which muscle is responsible for flexion of the hip joint?
Gluteus maximus
Which muscle is responsible for inversion of the foot?
Tibialis anterior
Which nerve supplies most of the adductor muscles, except for the pectineus?
Obturator nerve
Which bone forms the socket of the hip joint?
Acetabulum
Which bone has a greater and lesser trochanter?
Femur
Which ligaments form the greater sciatic notch?
Sacral tuberous ligaments
What is the common point of fracture in the elderly?
Neck of the femur
Which region of the lower limb will be the focus of this lecture?
The Glutaeal region and the thigh
What is the main function of the lower limb?
Allowing locomotion
Which movements will be described in this lecture?
Movements of the lower limb
What will be described in terms of skeletal organization?
The skeletal organization of the lower limb
Which bone is responsible for weight bearing in the lower limb?
Tibia
Which muscle is responsible for inversion of the foot?
Peroneus longus
Which joint connects the pelvis and the sacrum?
Sacrococcygeal joint
Which muscle is responsible for extension and lateral rotation of the hip joint?
Gluteus maximus
What is the main function of the Glutaeus Maximus muscle?
Extension of the hip joint
Which muscles are responsible for abduction of the hip joint?
Glutaeus Medius and Minimus
Which muscle supports and stabilizes the extended knee?
Glutaeus Maximus
Which muscle is responsible for flexion and external rotation of the hip joint?
None of the above
Which muscle is responsible for lateral rotation of the hip joint?
Piriformis
Which nerve supplies the gluteus maximus muscle?
Superior gluteal nerve
Which muscle is responsible for abduction of the hip joint?
Gluteus medius
Which nerve supplies the gluteus medius and gluteus minimus muscles?
Superior gluteal nerve
Which muscles are located in the Gluteal region?
Hamstrings
What is the main function of the quadriceps muscles?
Extension of the knee
How many muscles make up the quadriceps?
Four
Which nerves supply the quadriceps muscles?
Femoral nerve
What is the main action of the quadriceps muscles?
Extension of the knee
Which region of the lower limb is home to the quadriceps muscles?
Anterior thigh region
Study Notes
Anatomy of the Lower Limb
- The quadriceps muscles, including the vastus intermedius, quadriceps tendon, patella, patellar ligament, and tibial tuberosity, are located in the anterior compartment of the thigh.
- The quadriceps muscles originate from different parts of the femur and insert at the tibial tuberosity, allowing for extension of the knee joint.
- The femoral nerve supplies the quadriceps muscles.
- The sartorius muscle, located in the anterior compartment of the thigh, originates from the ASIS and inserts at the superior medial tibia. It is responsible for flexion and external rotation of the hip joint, as well as flexion of the knee joint.
- The posterior compartment of the thigh includes the hamstrings, which consist of the biceps femoris, semimembranosus, and semitendinosus muscles.
- The hamstrings are responsible for extension of the hip joint and flexion of the knee joint, as well as medial and lateral rotation of the knee joint.
- The sciatic nerve supplies the hamstrings.
- The medial compartment of the thigh includes the adductor muscles, including the pectineus, adductor longus, adductor brevis, and adductor magnus.
- The adductor muscles are responsible for adduction and medial rotation of the hip joint.
- The obturator nerve supplies most of the adductor muscles, except for the pectineus.
- The hip joint movements include flexion (involving the rectus femoris, sartorius, and iliopsoas muscles), extension (involving the gluteus maximus and hamstrings), abduction (involving the gluteus medius and gluteus minimus), adduction (involving the adductor longus, adductor brevis, adductor magnus, pectineus, and gracilis muscles), and medial and lateral rotation (involving various muscles).
- The femoral nerve, obturator nerve, and sciatic nerve supply the muscles of the hip joint. The femoral artery and vein supply blood to the lower limb, with the femoral artery entering the femoral triangle and passing through the adductor hiatus.
Test your knowledge of the anatomy of the lower limb with this quiz. From the muscles of the thigh to the movements of the hip joint, challenge yourself to recall key details about this important area of the body.
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