Anatomy of the Human Tongue
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Questions and Answers

What is the composition of the esophageal mucosa?

  • Stratified squamous epithelium, fibroelastic lamina propria, and longitudinally disposed muscularis mucosae (correct)
  • Stratified squamous epithelium and smooth muscle layer
  • Simple columnar epithelium and lamina propria
  • Pseudostratified epithelium and circular muscle layer
  • How long does it take for a newly formed cell in the basal layer of the esophageal epithelium to reach the free surface?

  • 1 week
  • 3 weeks (correct)
  • 1 month
  • 1 day
  • What cells within the esophageal epithelium phagocytose and degrade antigens into small polypeptides?

  • Macroglial cells
  • Melanocytes
  • Keratinocytes
  • Langerhans cells (correct)
  • Where do Langerhans cells migrate to after synthesizing MHC II–epitope complexes?

    <p>Lymph nodes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of the esophageal lamina propria?

    <p>Contains MALT system cells</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Where are esophageal cardiac glands located?

    <p>Near the pharynx and juncture with the stomach</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of epithelium lines the esophagus?

    <p>Squamous epithelium</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What happens to the mucosal folds in the esophagus when it is distended?

    <p><strong>They disappear</strong> and the lumen becomes patent.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of cells are found in the dome of the large intestine?

    <p>IgA(+) B cells</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which cells secrete mucus to lubricate and protect the mucosa of the large intestine?

    <p>Goblet cells</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of the FAE in the germinal center of the dome?

    <p>Representing antigens</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In which part of the large intestine are outer longitudinal muscle layers found to form Taeniae coli?

    <p>Cecum</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a characteristic of the mucosa of the large intestine?

    <p>Deeper crypts of Lieberkühn</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of cells are involved in the transport of ions and water in the mucosa of the large intestine?

    <p>Enterocytes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the role of Taeniae coli in the large intestine?

    <p>Drawing the colon into sacculations</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What differentiates the descending colon from other parts of the large intestine?

    <p>Investment by adventitia</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a unique feature of the absorptive cells in the large intestine?

    <p>Irregular microvilli</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Where are few Paneth cells found in the large intestine?

    <p>Cecum</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What complication can bilateral orchitis caused by the mumps virus lead to?

    <p>Infertility</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In which gland are 80% of salivary gland cancers found?

    <p>Parotid gland</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Through which duct does the submandibular gland open to the oral cavity?

    <p>Wharton's Duct</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the predominant component in the submandibular gland?

    <p>Serous component</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which structure opens directly into the floor of the mouth?

    <p>Major Sublingual Duct</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What are Gianuzzi's Demilunes found in?

    <p>Sublingual Gland</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of duct is present at the base of the tongue?

    <p>Wharton's Duct</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the pH range of saliva?

    <p>6.8 to 7.0</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which system induces the secretion of protein-rich saliva?

    <p>Sympathetic system</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main function of lysozyme in saliva?

    <p>Attack bacterial walls and kill bacteria</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which gland is completely a pure serous gland?

    <p>Parotid gland</p> Signup and view all the answers

    The main duct of salivary glands is lined by which types of epithelium at the end close to the oral cavity?

    <p>Stratified squamous epithelium</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which component of saliva forms a protective film on the teeth called pellicles?

    <p>Lactoferrin</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the end product of modified saliva after passing through the striated ducts?

    <p>Hypotonic solution</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Where does the Parotid Gland open into the oral cavity?

    <p>@Second superior molar</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of Amylase in saliva?

    <p>Begins digestion of carbohydrates</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which salivary gland is most likely to be affected by rabies and mumps viruses?

    <p>Parotid Gland</p> Signup and view all the answers

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