L1

What is the shape of the heart described in the text?

Pyramidal (correct)

Cuboidal

Spherical

Rectangular

Which surface of the heart is formed mainly by the right ventricle and apical part of the left ventricle?

Sternocostal surface

Apex

Diaphragmatic surface (correct)

Base

Which part of the heart is concealed by the ascending aorta and pulmonary trunk?

Right atrium

Left ventricle

Left atrium

Right ventricle (correct)

Which chamber of the heart is located on the diaphragmatic surface?

Right ventricle Signup and view all the answers

Which layer of the pericardium directly surrounds the heart?

Visceral pericardium Signup and view all the answers

Which border of the heart is formed by the right atrium?

Right border Signup and view all the answers

Where are the atrial surfaces of the heart cusps located?

Anteriorly and to the left Signup and view all the answers

From where do sympathetic fibers that supply the heart arise?

Cervical & upper thoracic ganglia of sympathetic trunks Signup and view all the answers

What is the main function of the intrinsic conduction system of the heart?

To regulate the proper rhythm and sequence of heart contractions Signup and view all the answers

Where is the Sinoatrial (SA) node located?

Right atrium Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of Purkinje fibers in the heart?

Generate impulses for heart contractions Signup and view all the answers

Which structure is responsible for slowing down heart rate by constricting coronary arteries?

Vagus nerves Signup and view all the answers

Where is the apex of the heart located?

At the level of the left 5th intercostal space Signup and view all the answers

Why is the base of the heart called the base?

Because the heart is pyramid in shape Signup and view all the answers

What structures separate the base of the heart from the vertebral column?

Descending aorta, esophagus, and oblique sinus of pericardium Signup and view all the answers

Which part of the heart is predominantly formed by the right atrium?

Atrial part of the sterno-costal surface Signup and view all the answers

What structure lodges the right coronary artery in the heart?

Posterior part of coronary sulcus Signup and view all the answers

What separates the two ventricles of the heart?

Anterior interventricular groove Signup and view all the answers

What structure connects the papillary muscle with the cuspid in the heart?

Chordae tendineae Signup and view all the answers

Why does the left ventricle have a thicker wall than the right ventricle?

Because it is the pathological hypertrophy disorder pumping chamber Signup and view all the answers

Which structure is located in the interventricular septum of the heart?

Bundle of His (AV bundle) Signup and view all the answers

How can the sympathetic nervous system affect heart rate?

Accelerate HR Signup and view all the answers

Which ventricle is typically more muscular and pumps blood to the entire body?

Left ventricle Signup and view all the answers

Which cardiac structure is responsible for preventing backflow of blood from the ventricles into the atria?

Mitral valve Signup and view all the answers

Which valve is surrounded by a fibrous ring that gives attachment to the cusps of the mitral valve?

Left Mitral (bicuspid) Oriﬁce Signup and view all the answers

How many cusps does the aortic valve have?

One anterior and two posterior cusps Signup and view all the answers

Which atrioventricular oriﬁce is smaller, admitting only the tips of 2 fingers?

Left Mitral (bicuspid) Oriﬁce Signup and view all the answers

How many semilunar cusps does the pulmonary valve have?

Three cusps Signup and view all the answers

Which valve does not have chordae tendineae or papillary muscles attached to its cusps?

Pulmonary Valve Signup and view all the answers

Which valve has an atrial surface of cusps that are smooth but ventricular surfaces attached to chordae tendinae?

Mitral Valve Signup and view all the answers

Which chamber of the heart is surrounded by a fibrous ring giving attachment to the tricuspid valve?

Right atrium Signup and view all the answers

Which ventricle communicates with the pulmonary trunk through the pulmonary orifice?

Right ventricle Signup and view all the answers

Which atrioventricular orifice lies anterior to the opening of the IVC?

Right atrioventricular orifice Signup and view all the answers

Which structure receives 4 veins without valves?

Left atrium Signup and view all the answers

Which chamber of the heart has a wall that contains trabeculae carnae?

Right ventricle Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following statements about the intrinsic conduction system of the heart is correct?

The AV node is called the pacemaker of the heart. Signup and view all the answers

Which part of the heart becomes funnel-shaped before leading to the pulmonary trunk?

Right ventricle Signup and view all the answers

Where do parasympathetic fibers reach the heart from?

Vagus nerves Signup and view all the answers

Which chamber of the heart forms the greater part of the base?

Left atrium Signup and view all the answers

Which part of the heart is primarily formed by the right atrium?

Base Signup and view all the answers

Which chamber of the heart sends blood to the aorta through the aortic orifice?

Left atrium Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of sympathetic fibers in regulating heart rate?

They increase heart rate. Signup and view all the answers

Where is the AV node located within the heart?

Junction of atria and ventricles Signup and view all the answers

Which part of the heart has a thicker wall due to pumping blood to the entire body?

Left ventricle Signup and view all the answers

What nerve plexus surrounds the coronary arteries providing parasympathetic innervation to the heart?

Cardiac plexus Signup and view all the answers

Which structure in the heart is known as the pacemaker?

SA node Signup and view all the answers

What differentiates the pericardium into an outer fibrous layer and an inner serous sac?

Shape of the heart Signup and view all the answers

Which surface of the heart is concealed by the ascending aorta and pulmonary trunk?

Base Signup and view all the answers

What forms the upper border of the heart?

Right and left atria Signup and view all the answers

Which feature of the heart contributes to its somewhat pyramidal shape?

Number of ventricles Signup and view all the answers

What primarily forms the lower border of the heart?

Right ventricle Signup and view all the answers

Which chamber of the heart is located on the sternocostal surface?

Right ventricle Signup and view all the answers

Which surface of the heart is mainly formed by the right atrium?

Diaphragmatic surface Signup and view all the answers

Where is the apex of the heart located?

At the level of the left 5th intercostal space Signup and view all the answers

What structures form the right border of the heart?

Right atrium and right ventricle Signup and view all the answers

What structures separate the base of the heart from the vertebral column?

Descending aorta and esophagus Signup and view all the answers

Which part of the heart does not rest on its base?

Diaphragmatic (inferior) surface Signup and view all the answers

L1

Questions and Answers

What is the shape of the heart described in the text?

Which surface of the heart is formed mainly by the right ventricle and apical part of the left ventricle?

Which part of the heart is concealed by the ascending aorta and pulmonary trunk?

Which chamber of the heart is located on the diaphragmatic surface?

Which layer of the pericardium directly surrounds the heart?

Which border of the heart is formed by the right atrium?

Where are the atrial surfaces of the heart cusps located?

From where do sympathetic fibers that supply the heart arise?

What is the main function of the intrinsic conduction system of the heart?

Where is the Sinoatrial (SA) node located?

What is the role of Purkinje fibers in the heart?

Which structure is responsible for slowing down heart rate by constricting coronary arteries?

Where is the apex of the heart located?

Why is the base of the heart called the base?

What structures separate the base of the heart from the vertebral column?

Which part of the heart is predominantly formed by the right atrium?

What structure lodges the right coronary artery in the heart?

What separates the two ventricles of the heart?

What structure connects the papillary muscle with the cuspid in the heart?

Why does the left ventricle have a thicker wall than the right ventricle?

Which structure is located in the interventricular septum of the heart?

How can the sympathetic nervous system affect heart rate?

Which ventricle is typically more muscular and pumps blood to the entire body?

Which cardiac structure is responsible for preventing backflow of blood from the ventricles into the atria?

Which valve is surrounded by a fibrous ring that gives attachment to the cusps of the mitral valve?

How many cusps does the aortic valve have?

Which atrioventricular oriﬁce is smaller, admitting only the tips of 2 fingers?

How many semilunar cusps does the pulmonary valve have?

Which valve does not have chordae tendineae or papillary muscles attached to its cusps?

Which valve has an atrial surface of cusps that are smooth but ventricular surfaces attached to chordae tendinae?

Which chamber of the heart is surrounded by a fibrous ring giving attachment to the tricuspid valve?

Which ventricle communicates with the pulmonary trunk through the pulmonary orifice?

Which atrioventricular orifice lies anterior to the opening of the IVC?

Which structure receives 4 veins without valves?

Which chamber of the heart has a wall that contains trabeculae carnae?

Which of the following statements about the intrinsic conduction system of the heart is correct?

Which part of the heart becomes funnel-shaped before leading to the pulmonary trunk?

Where do parasympathetic fibers reach the heart from?

Which chamber of the heart forms the greater part of the base?

Which part of the heart is primarily formed by the right atrium?

Which chamber of the heart sends blood to the aorta through the aortic orifice?

What is the role of sympathetic fibers in regulating heart rate?

Where is the AV node located within the heart?

Which part of the heart has a thicker wall due to pumping blood to the entire body?

What nerve plexus surrounds the coronary arteries providing parasympathetic innervation to the heart?

Which structure in the heart is known as the pacemaker?

What differentiates the pericardium into an outer fibrous layer and an inner serous sac?

Which surface of the heart is concealed by the ascending aorta and pulmonary trunk?

What forms the upper border of the heart?

Which feature of the heart contributes to its somewhat pyramidal shape?

What primarily forms the lower border of the heart?

Which chamber of the heart is located on the sternocostal surface?

Which surface of the heart is mainly formed by the right atrium?

Where is the apex of the heart located?

What structures form the right border of the heart?

What structures separate the base of the heart from the vertebral column?

Which part of the heart does not rest on its base?

What forms mainly the ventricular part of the sterno-costal (anterior) surface of the heart?

Which artery lodges in the anterior interventricular groove?

Which surface of the heart is predominantly formed by the right atrium?

What structure separates the two ventricles of the heart?

Which structure in the heart connects the papillary muscle with the cuspid?

Why is the left ventricle wall thicker than the right ventricle wall?

Where is Bachmann’s bundle located in the heart?

How does the sympathetic nervous system affect heart rate?

Which of the following structures lodges in the interventricular septum?

What is the function of the moderator band in the heart?

Where are the Trabeculae carneae found in the heart?

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