Anatomy of the Heart: Atria and Blood Vessels
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Questions and Answers

Which blood vessel carries blood towards the heart?

  • Pulmonary trunk
  • Veins (correct)
  • Arteries
  • Pulmonary semilunar valve

What is the name of the valve that separates the right atrium and the right ventricle?

  • Right atrioventricular valve
  • Interventricular septum
  • Tricuspid valve (correct)
  • Pulmonary semilunar valve

Which part of the heart receives blood from the superior vena cava, inferior vena cava, and coronary sinus?

  • Right ventricle
  • Right atrium (correct)
  • Left atrium
  • Left ventricle

What is the average thickness of the right atrium?

<p>2-3 mm (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the name of the partition that separates the right ventricle and the left ventricle?

<p>Interventricular septum (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which artery carries blood to the lungs?

<p>Right pulmonary artery (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the name of the valve that blood passes through from the left ventricle into the ascending aorta?

<p>Aortic valve (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of circulation is responsible for moving blood between the heart and the lungs?

<p>Pulmonary circulation (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the valves located between an atrium and a ventricle?

<p>Atrioventricular valves (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the average thickness of the left ventricle?

<p>10–15 mm (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which valve is also known as the mitral valve?

<p>Bicuspid valve (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the name of the part of the aorta that carries blood throughout the body?

<p>Descending aorta (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which side of the heart receives oxygenated blood from the lungs?

<p>Left side (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of the coronary circulation?

<p>To supply oxygenated blood to the heart muscle (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which artery supplies oxygenated blood to the walls of both ventricles?

<p>Left anterior descending artery (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of the circumflex branch?

<p>To supply oxygenated blood to the left atrium and ventricle (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of the posterior interventricular branch?

<p>To supply oxygenated blood to the walls of both ventricles (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of the coronary sinus?

<p>To drain blood from the heart muscle (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of the Sinoatrial (SA) node?

<p>To spontaneously generate action potentials at a greater frequency than other cardiac muscle cells (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the name of the conducting bundle that arises from the AV node?

<p>Bundle of His (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the duration of a normal cardiac cycle?

<p>0.7-0.8 seconds (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the contraction of the atrial myocardium?

<p>Atrial systole (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Where do the right and left bundle branches extend to?

<p>To the apex of both the right and left ventricles (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the name of the large-diameter cardiac muscle fibers that are the inferior terminal branches of the bundle?

<p>Purkinje fibers (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the effect of an increase in end diastolic volume on stroke volume, according to the Frank-Starling law of the heart?

<p>It increases stroke volume (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the effect of positive inotropes on myocardial contractility?

<p>They increase myocardial contractility (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main component of afterload?

<p>Systemic vascular resistance (SVR) (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of arterioles in the vascular tree?

<p>To regulate blood pressure (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the effect of negative inotropes on myocardial contractility?

<p>They decrease myocardial contractility (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of capillaries in the vascular tree?

<p>To facilitate gas exchange (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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