Anatomy of the Heart: Atria and Blood Vessels

Which blood vessel carries blood towards the heart?

Pulmonary trunk
Veins (correct)
Arteries
Pulmonary semilunar valve

What is the name of the valve that separates the right atrium and the right ventricle?

Right atrioventricular valve
Interventricular septum
Tricuspid valve (correct)
Pulmonary semilunar valve

Which part of the heart receives blood from the superior vena cava, inferior vena cava, and coronary sinus?

Right ventricle
Right atrium (correct)
Left atrium
Left ventricle

What is the average thickness of the right atrium?

2-3 mm (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the name of the partition that separates the right ventricle and the left ventricle?

Interventricular septum (D) Signup and view all the answers

Which artery carries blood to the lungs?

Right pulmonary artery (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the name of the valve that blood passes through from the left ventricle into the ascending aorta?

Aortic valve (D) Signup and view all the answers

Which type of circulation is responsible for moving blood between the heart and the lungs?

Pulmonary circulation (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the valves located between an atrium and a ventricle?

Atrioventricular valves (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the average thickness of the left ventricle?

10–15 mm (C) Signup and view all the answers

Which valve is also known as the mitral valve?

Bicuspid valve (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the name of the part of the aorta that carries blood throughout the body?

Descending aorta (D) Signup and view all the answers

Which side of the heart receives oxygenated blood from the lungs?

Left side (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of the coronary circulation?

To supply oxygenated blood to the heart muscle (D) Signup and view all the answers

Which artery supplies oxygenated blood to the walls of both ventricles?

Left anterior descending artery (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of the circumflex branch?

To supply oxygenated blood to the left atrium and ventricle (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of the posterior interventricular branch?

To supply oxygenated blood to the walls of both ventricles (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of the coronary sinus?

To drain blood from the heart muscle (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of the Sinoatrial (SA) node?

To spontaneously generate action potentials at a greater frequency than other cardiac muscle cells (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the name of the conducting bundle that arises from the AV node?

Bundle of His (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the duration of a normal cardiac cycle?

0.7-0.8 seconds (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for the contraction of the atrial myocardium?

Atrial systole (C) Signup and view all the answers

Where do the right and left bundle branches extend to?

To the apex of both the right and left ventricles (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the name of the large-diameter cardiac muscle fibers that are the inferior terminal branches of the bundle?

Purkinje fibers (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the effect of an increase in end diastolic volume on stroke volume, according to the Frank-Starling law of the heart?

It increases stroke volume (B) Signup and view all the answers

What is the effect of positive inotropes on myocardial contractility?

They increase myocardial contractility (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the main component of afterload?

Systemic vascular resistance (SVR) (A) Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of arterioles in the vascular tree?

To regulate blood pressure (D) Signup and view all the answers

What is the effect of negative inotropes on myocardial contractility?

They decrease myocardial contractility (C) Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of capillaries in the vascular tree?

To facilitate gas exchange (C) Signup and view all the answers