Anatomy of the Bladder

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Questions and Answers

What is the approximate capacity of the bladder in terms of holding urine?

  • 1000 milliliters
  • 750 milliliters
  • 250 milliliters
  • 500 milliliters (correct)

Where is the bladder located in children before puberty?

  • In the lesser pelvis
  • In the subperitoneum
  • In the pelvic diaphragm
  • In the abdomen (correct)

What is the name of the structure that supports the bladder inferiorly?

  • Bladder neck
  • Pelvic diaphragm (correct)
  • Pubic symphysis
  • Endopelvic fascia

What is the posterior relation of the bladder in females?

<p>Vagina (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the name of the part of the bladder that points towards the abdominal wall?

<p>Apex (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the bladder covered by superiorly and posteriorly?

<p>Peritoneum (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of the bladder?

<p>To store and secrete urine (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How does the bladder control the release of urine?

<p>Through the simultaneous stimulation of the detrusor muscle and relaxation of the internal and external urethral sphincters (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the origin of the bladder during embryonic development?

<p>From the mesoderm and endoderm (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What develops from the anterior portion of the allantois?

<p>The urachus (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What connects to the posterior bladder wall and forms a part of the trigone?

<p>The mesonephric ducts (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the source of the blood supply to the bladder?

<p>The internal iliac arteries (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the origin of the parasympathetic fibers that innervate the bladder?

<p>Sacral spinal nerves (S2-S4) (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which nerve provides voluntary somatic control to the striated muscles of the external urethral sphincter?

<p>Pudendal nerve (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of the mechanoreceptors in the bladder wall?

<p>To respond to the stretch of the muscle with distension (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which vessels drain the bladder?

<p>Vesical venous plexus that empties into the internal iliac vein (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the origin of the sympathetic control of the bladder?

<p>Thoracic and upper lumbar spinal levels (T10-L2) (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the location of the neurons that give rise to the pudendal nerve?

<p>Onuf's nucleus (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the mechanism of action of osmosis diuretics like Mannitol?

<p>Increase urinary output via osmosis. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the indication of osmotic diuretics like Mannitol in neurological conditions?

<p>To decrease intracranial pressure. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the contraindication of osmotic diuretics like Mannitol?

<p>Heart failure and renal failure. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the effect of Carbonic Anhydrase Inhibitors on the reabsorption of HCO3?

<p>Inhibit the reabsorption of HCO3. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the clinical use of Carbonic Anhydrase Inhibitors in glaucoma?

<p>To prevent the absorption of HCO3 from the blood. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the effect of Carbonic Anhydrase Inhibitors on potassium secretion?

<p>Increase potassium secretion. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the consequence of acidosis on seizures in patients with epilepsy?

<p>A decrease in seizures (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the mechanism of action of loop diuretics in the thick ascending loop of Henle?

<p>Inhibition of the Na+/K+/2Cl- cotransporter (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a consequence of the body's compensatory mechanism in response to loop diuretics and thiazides?

<p>Hypokalemia and alkalosis (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the effect of NSAIDs on the action of loop diuretics?

<p>They inhibit the action of loop diuretics (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a characteristic of loop diuretics that makes them effective?

<p>They act on the thick ascending loop of Henle (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a side effect of acetazolamide related to its effect on urinary pH?

<p>Alkaline urine (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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