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Questions and Answers
What is the primary function of the urinary system?
What is the primary function of the urinary system?
- To regulate body temperature
- To aid in digestion
- To produce hormones
- To remove wastes from the body (correct)
Which of the following is NOT a function of the kidneys?
Which of the following is NOT a function of the kidneys?
- Regulating blood glucose
- Aiding in digestion (correct)
- Regulating blood pressure
- Producing enzymes
What is the basic structural and functional unit of the kidney?
What is the basic structural and functional unit of the kidney?
- Renal medulla
- Renal pelvis
- Renal cortex
- Nephron (correct)
Where are the kidneys located in the body?
Where are the kidneys located in the body?
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What is the role of the ureters in the urinary system?
What is the role of the ureters in the urinary system?
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What is the function of the bladder?
What is the function of the bladder?
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What is the approximate length of the ureters in adults?
What is the approximate length of the ureters in adults?
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What is the pathway of blood flow to and from the kidney?
What is the pathway of blood flow to and from the kidney?
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What is produced by the kidneys besides urine?
What is produced by the kidneys besides urine?
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What is the inner region of the kidney?
What is the inner region of the kidney?
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Study Notes
Urinary System
- Consists of two kidneys, two ureters, the bladder, and the urethra
- Functions: elimination of wastes, maintenance of fluid-electrolyte and acid-base balances, production of erythropoietin and enzymes
Kidneys
- Located on either side of the vertebral column, between the 12th thoracic and 3rd lumbar vertebrae
- Right kidney is positioned slightly lower than the left due to the liver
- Internal structures: renal cortex (outer region), renal medulla (middle region), and renal pelvis (inner region)
- Functions:
- Regulating blood ionic composition
- Regulating blood pH
- Regulating blood volume
- Regulating blood pressure
- Regulating blood glucose
- Excreting wastes
Blood Supply
- Blood enters the kidney from the renal artery
- Returns to inferior vena cava through the renal vein
Ureters
- Fibromuscular tubes, approximately 25-30 cm long in adults
- Functions: act as ducts, allowing urine to pass from the kidneys to the bladder
Bladder
- Hollow, sphere-shaped, muscular organ in the pelvis
- Located anterior and inferior to the pelvic cavity, and posterior to the symphysis pubis
- Function: stores urine
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