Anatomy of Synovial Joints Flashcards

Study Notes

Ligament: Connective tissue that connects bones to other bones at a joint. Provides stability and support while allowing for a range of motion.
Synovial Fluid: Viscous fluid found in the cavities of synovial joints. Functions as a lubricant to reduce friction, nourishes articular cartilage, and absorbs shock during movement.
Articular Cartilage: Smooth, white tissue that covers the ends of bones in synovial joints. Reduces friction and absorbs shock, facilitating smooth joint movement.
Fibrous Capsule: A tough, protective layer surrounding synovial joints, composed of dense connective tissue. Helps maintain joint stability and houses the joint cavity.
Synovial Membrane: Thin layer of tissue that lines the inner surface of the fibrous capsule. Produces synovial fluid and helps maintain the health of joint structures.
Articular Capsule: Composed of the fibrous capsule and synovial membrane, it encloses the joint cavity and maintains joint integrity.
Periosteum: A dense layer of connective tissue that covers the outer surface of bones. Contains blood vessels, lymphatics, and nerves, providing nourishment and attachment points for muscles and ligaments.