38 Questions
What is the main function of the accessory sex glands in male animals?
To act as a transport medium for sperm
Which animal has a fibroelastic penis with no glans penis?
Boar
What is the distinctive feature of the glans penis in a bull?
Twisted
Which male animal has a sigmoid flexure that straightens during erection?
Bull
What does the retractor penis muscle do in male animals?
Contracts to retain the penis within the prepuce
Which male animal possesses a 'broken penis' with a tuberculum spongiosum?
Stallion
What is the innervation responsible for the male reproductive system's sympathetic function?
Hypogastric nerve
In which animal is the urethral process described as 'a long worm-like structure'?
Boar
What is the function of venous engorgement in the context of erection in the musculocavernous penis?
Causes engorgement of blood, leading to swelling
What muscle group is responsible for compressing venous return in the musculocavernous penis during erection?
Ischiocavernosus and ischiourethralis
What is the anatomical term for the inability to retract the penis within the prepuce?
Paraphimosis
In which animal does the distal part of the corpora cavernosa become the os penis?
Dog
What is the function of the retractor penis muscle when the penis is flaccid?
Tonic contraction to maintain flaccidity
Which accessory sex gland is involved in the copulatory lock in dogs?
Bulbus glandis
In a closed castration technique in the horse, what is incised after the skin and dartos muscle?
Superficial spermatic fascia
Which male reproductive structure is involved in the copulatory lock in dogs?
Bulbus Glandis
What is the function of the corpus spongiosum in male animals?
Surrounds urethra to provide structural support
Which part of the canine penis is mainly responsible for filling up with blood during erection?
Corpus Cavernosum
In a vasectomy procedure in rams, what specific ligament is incised?
Ligament of the tail of the epididymis
Which erectile tissue surrounds the penile urethra in male animals?
Corpus Spongiosum
What is the function of the Os Penis in male animals?
Ossifies distally to provide rigidity to the penis
Which structure is incised during an open castration technique in dogs that is not part of a closed castration technique?
Internal spermatic fascia
What is the function of the epididymis in the male reproductive system?
Site of sperm storage and maturation
Which structure in the male reproductive system is mainly responsible for testosterone production?
Testicle
What is the function of the spermatic cord in the male reproductive system?
Contains external pudendal vessels
Which structure surrounds the testicle and provides protection?
Vaginal tunic
What is the main function of the accessory sex glands in male animals?
Secretion of seminal fluid
In terms of penis anatomy, what is the function of the musculo cavernosus penis?
Erection mechanism
How does the fibroelastic penis differ from the musculo cavernosus penis in male animals?
Erection mechanism
What is the main function of the fascial layers surrounding the testicle?
Protection
What structure supplies the testes and epididymis with blood?
Testicular artery
Which structure surrounds the tortuous testicular artery acting as a counter current heat exchange?
Pampiniform venous plexus
What is the supportive peritoneal fold that includes Mesoductus deferens & Mesorchium?
Caudal gonadal ligament
Which structure carries sperm from the epididymis to join the urethra within the pelvic cavity?
Ductus deferens
What guides the descent of testicles through the inguinal canal into the scrotum?
Gubernaculum
Which ligament degenerates during the development of male gonadal ligaments?
Cranial gonadal ligament
Which structure is an extension of IAO fibers outside the vaginal tunic?
External cremaster muscle
What does the genitofemoral nerve supply?
Cremaster muscle, spermatic cord, skin of scrotum, prepuce
Study Notes
Accessory Sex Glands
- The main function of accessory sex glands in male animals is to produce secretions that make up semen.
Penis Anatomy
- The fibroelastic penis has no glans penis, found in the cat.
- In bulls, the glans penis is covered with a fibrous capsule.
- The sigmoid flexure in the penis of dogs straightens during erection.
- The retractor penis muscle helps to retract the penis into the prepuce when flaccid.
Urethral Process
- The urethral process in the horse is a long worm-like structure.
Erection
- Venous engorgement is necessary for erection in the musculocavernous penis.
- The ischiocavernosus and bulbospongiosus muscles compress venous return during erection.
Anatomical Terms
- Phimosis is the inability to retract the penis within the prepuce.
Canine Penis
- The distal part of the corpora cavernosa becomes the os penis in the dog.
- The retractor penis muscle helps to retract the penis into the prepuce when flaccid.
Castration Techniques
- In a closed castration technique in the horse, the skin and dartos muscle are incised.
- In a vasectomy procedure in rams, the external lamina of the vaginal tunic is incised.
- In an open castration technique in dogs, the parietal tunic is incised.
Reproductive System
- The corpus spongiosum is involved in the copulatory lock in dogs.
- The corpus spongiosum surrounds the penile urethra in male animals.
- The epididymis is responsible for sperm maturation and storage.
- The testes are mainly responsible for testosterone production.
- The spermatic cord provides a pathway for the vas deferens, testicular artery, and vein.
- The tunica albuginea surrounds the testicle, providing protection.
Blood Supply
- The testicular artery supplies the testes and epididymis with blood.
- The pampiniform plexus surrounds the tortuous testicular artery, acting as a counter-current heat exchange.
Fetal Development
- The gubernaculum guides the descent of testicles through the inguinal canal into the scrotum.
- The cranial suspensory ligament degenerates during the development of male gonadal ligaments.
Nerve Supply
- The genitofemoral nerve supplies the cremaster muscle.
Miscellaneous
- The mesoductus deferens and mesorchium are supportive peritoneal folds.
- The vas deferens carries sperm from the epididymis to join the urethra within the pelvic cavity.
Learn about the anatomical features and physiological processes involved in the erection of the musculocavernous penis in dogs, horses, and humans. Explore the structures like Glans penis, Corpora cavernosa, and the role of smooth muscles and nerves in erectile function.
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