Anatomy of Penis in Mammals
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Questions and Answers

What is the main function of the accessory sex glands in male animals?

  • To store sperm
  • To produce testosterone
  • To act as a transport medium for sperm (correct)
  • To regulate body temperature

    • Which animal has a fibroelastic penis with no glans penis?

  • Bull
  • Boar (correct)
  • Ram
  • Stallion

    • What is the distinctive feature of the glans penis in a bull?

  • Mushroom-shaped
  • Dorsoventrally flattened
  • Twisted (correct)
  • Spirally twisted

    • Which male animal has a sigmoid flexure that straightens during erection?

    <p>Bull</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the retractor penis muscle do in male animals?

    <p>Contracts to retain the penis within the prepuce</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which male animal possesses a 'broken penis' with a tuberculum spongiosum?

    <p>Stallion</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the innervation responsible for the male reproductive system's sympathetic function?

    <p>Hypogastric nerve</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In which animal is the urethral process described as 'a long worm-like structure'?

    <p>Boar</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of venous engorgement in the context of erection in the musculocavernous penis?

    <p>Causes engorgement of blood, leading to swelling</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What muscle group is responsible for compressing venous return in the musculocavernous penis during erection?

    <p>Ischiocavernosus and ischiourethralis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the anatomical term for the inability to retract the penis within the prepuce?

    <p>Paraphimosis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In which animal does the distal part of the corpora cavernosa become the os penis?

    <p>Dog</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of the retractor penis muscle when the penis is flaccid?

    <p>Tonic contraction to maintain flaccidity</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which accessory sex gland is involved in the copulatory lock in dogs?

    <p>Bulbus glandis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In a closed castration technique in the horse, what is incised after the skin and dartos muscle?

    <p>Superficial spermatic fascia</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which male reproductive structure is involved in the copulatory lock in dogs?

    <p>Bulbus Glandis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of the corpus spongiosum in male animals?

    <p>Surrounds urethra to provide structural support</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which part of the canine penis is mainly responsible for filling up with blood during erection?

    <p>Corpus Cavernosum</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In a vasectomy procedure in rams, what specific ligament is incised?

    <p>Ligament of the tail of the epididymis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which erectile tissue surrounds the penile urethra in male animals?

    <p>Corpus Spongiosum</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of the Os Penis in male animals?

    <p>Ossifies distally to provide rigidity to the penis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which structure is incised during an open castration technique in dogs that is not part of a closed castration technique?

    <p>Internal spermatic fascia</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of the epididymis in the male reproductive system?

    <p>Site of sperm storage and maturation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which structure in the male reproductive system is mainly responsible for testosterone production?

    <p>Testicle</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of the spermatic cord in the male reproductive system?

    <p>Contains external pudendal vessels</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which structure surrounds the testicle and provides protection?

    <p>Vaginal tunic</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main function of the accessory sex glands in male animals?

    <p>Secretion of seminal fluid</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In terms of penis anatomy, what is the function of the musculo cavernosus penis?

    <p>Erection mechanism</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How does the fibroelastic penis differ from the musculo cavernosus penis in male animals?

    <p>Erection mechanism</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main function of the fascial layers surrounding the testicle?

    <p>Protection</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What structure supplies the testes and epididymis with blood?

    <p>Testicular artery</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which structure surrounds the tortuous testicular artery acting as a counter current heat exchange?

    <p>Pampiniform venous plexus</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the supportive peritoneal fold that includes Mesoductus deferens & Mesorchium?

    <p>Caudal gonadal ligament</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which structure carries sperm from the epididymis to join the urethra within the pelvic cavity?

    <p>Ductus deferens</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What guides the descent of testicles through the inguinal canal into the scrotum?

    <p>Gubernaculum</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which ligament degenerates during the development of male gonadal ligaments?

    <p>Cranial gonadal ligament</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which structure is an extension of IAO fibers outside the vaginal tunic?

    <p>External cremaster muscle</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What does the genitofemoral nerve supply?

    <p>Cremaster muscle, spermatic cord, skin of scrotum, prepuce</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Accessory Sex Glands

    • The main function of accessory sex glands in male animals is to produce secretions that make up semen.

    Penis Anatomy

    • The fibroelastic penis has no glans penis, found in the cat.
    • In bulls, the glans penis is covered with a fibrous capsule.
    • The sigmoid flexure in the penis of dogs straightens during erection.
    • The retractor penis muscle helps to retract the penis into the prepuce when flaccid.

    Urethral Process

    • The urethral process in the horse is a long worm-like structure.

    Erection

    • Venous engorgement is necessary for erection in the musculocavernous penis.
    • The ischiocavernosus and bulbospongiosus muscles compress venous return during erection.

    Anatomical Terms

    • Phimosis is the inability to retract the penis within the prepuce.

    Canine Penis

    • The distal part of the corpora cavernosa becomes the os penis in the dog.
    • The retractor penis muscle helps to retract the penis into the prepuce when flaccid.

    Castration Techniques

    • In a closed castration technique in the horse, the skin and dartos muscle are incised.
    • In a vasectomy procedure in rams, the external lamina of the vaginal tunic is incised.
    • In an open castration technique in dogs, the parietal tunic is incised.

    Reproductive System

    • The corpus spongiosum is involved in the copulatory lock in dogs.
    • The corpus spongiosum surrounds the penile urethra in male animals.
    • The epididymis is responsible for sperm maturation and storage.
    • The testes are mainly responsible for testosterone production.
    • The spermatic cord provides a pathway for the vas deferens, testicular artery, and vein.
    • The tunica albuginea surrounds the testicle, providing protection.

    Blood Supply

    • The testicular artery supplies the testes and epididymis with blood.
    • The pampiniform plexus surrounds the tortuous testicular artery, acting as a counter-current heat exchange.

    Fetal Development

    • The gubernaculum guides the descent of testicles through the inguinal canal into the scrotum.
    • The cranial suspensory ligament degenerates during the development of male gonadal ligaments.

    Nerve Supply

    • The genitofemoral nerve supplies the cremaster muscle.

    Miscellaneous

    • The mesoductus deferens and mesorchium are supportive peritoneal folds.
    • The vas deferens carries sperm from the epididymis to join the urethra within the pelvic cavity.

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