Podcast
Questions and Answers
What type of joints are known as non-synovial joints?
What type of joints are known as non-synovial joints?
- Cartilaginous and fibrous joints
- Synovial and fibrous joints
- Cartilaginous and synovial joints
- Fibrous and cartilaginous joints (correct)
Which joint structure secretes joint fluid?
Which joint structure secretes joint fluid?
- Synovial membrane (correct)
- Articular cartilage
- Articular capsule
- Ligaments
Which of the following movements occurs in the frontal axis?
Which of the following movements occurs in the frontal axis?
- Flexion
- Abduction
- Extension (correct)
- External rotation
Inversion of the foot causes which movement?
Inversion of the foot causes which movement?
What defines a synovial joint?
What defines a synovial joint?
Which axis extends from front to back of the body?
Which axis extends from front to back of the body?
What is the term for the movement of taking a limb away from the midline?
What is the term for the movement of taking a limb away from the midline?
What is the primary function of the gluteus medius?
What is the primary function of the gluteus medius?
What happens during the supination of the forearm?
What happens during the supination of the forearm?
Which muscle is known for being a strong extensor of the thigh?
Which muscle is known for being a strong extensor of the thigh?
Which of the following statements about the quadriceps femoris is true?
Which of the following statements about the quadriceps femoris is true?
What is the primary action of the gastrocnemius muscle?
What is the primary action of the gastrocnemius muscle?
Which muscle is referred to as the 'boxer muscle'?
Which muscle is referred to as the 'boxer muscle'?
What is the primary function of skeletal muscles?
What is the primary function of skeletal muscles?
Which type of muscle fiber is responsible for involuntary movements?
Which type of muscle fiber is responsible for involuntary movements?
What is the role of a motor unit?
What is the role of a motor unit?
How are muscles typically named?
How are muscles typically named?
What is the difference between isometric and isotonic contractions?
What is the difference between isometric and isotonic contractions?
Which muscle is known as the 'vaccine muscle' for its prominent role in shoulder movement?
Which muscle is known as the 'vaccine muscle' for its prominent role in shoulder movement?
What is the function of the M.triceps brachii?
What is the function of the M.triceps brachii?
What does the term 'tendon' refer to in muscle anatomy?
What does the term 'tendon' refer to in muscle anatomy?
Flashcards
Fibrous Joints
Fibrous Joints
Fibrous joints have no movement between bones.
Cartilaginous Joints
Cartilaginous Joints
Cartilage links the two bones in these joints.
Synovial Joints
Synovial Joints
These joints are fully movable, with a surrounding capsule and joint fluid.
Flexion
Flexion
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Extension
Extension
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Abduction
Abduction
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Adduction
Adduction
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Rotation
Rotation
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Myology
Myology
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Muscle Types
Muscle Types
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Skeletal Muscle Function
Skeletal Muscle Function
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Gluteus Medius
Gluteus Medius
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Tendon
Tendon
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Quadriceps Femoris
Quadriceps Femoris
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Aponeurosis
Aponeurosis
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Hamstring Muscle Group
Hamstring Muscle Group
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Isometric Contraction
Isometric Contraction
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Tibialis Anterior
Tibialis Anterior
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Isotonic Contraction
Isotonic Contraction
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Triceps Surae
Triceps Surae
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Motor Unit
Motor Unit
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Study Notes
Joints and Muscles
- Muscles enable movement
- Joints connect bones and facilitate movement
Joints Classification
- Fibrous Joints: No movement, bones are connected tightly. Examples include sutures in the skull, and the distal tibiofibular joint.
- Cartilaginous Joints: Limited movement, bones are connected by cartilage. Examples are ribs connected to sternum, and pubic symphysis.
- Synovial Joints: Freely movable, bones are separated by a fluid-filled cavity called synovial cavity. Examples include hips, knees, and elbows.
Structure of Synovial Joints
- Synovial joints consist of an articular capsule which surrounds the joint
- The capsule contains synovial membrane that secrets synovial fluid
- Articular cartilage reduces friction on bones when they move
- Ligaments strengthen the joint
Anatomy of the Knee Joint
- Cartilage, menisci, bursae, and ligaments provide support and reduce friction in knee joints
- Synovial fluid reduces friction and nourishes the articular cartilage
- The knee joint capsule prevents dislocation
Synovial Joint Subgroups
- Synovial joints are categorized by shape (e.g., ball-and-socket, hinge, pivot and condylar)
- Each shape allows specific types of movement
Anatomical Axes
- Sagittal Axis: Extends from front to back of the body(e.g., flexion/extension)
- Vertical Axis: Extends from top to bottom of the body (e.g., internal/external rotation)
- Frontal Axis: Extends across the body from right to left (e.g., abduction/adduction)
Angular Movements
- Flexion: Decreasing angle between body parts (e.g., bending elbow)
- Extension: Increasing angle between body parts (e.g., straightening elbow)
- Hyperextension: Extending beyond the normal range
- Dorsiflexion: Moving foot upward at ankle joint
- Plantarflexion: Moving foot downward at ankle joint
Special Movements
- Abduction: Moving body part away from midline.
- Adduction: Moving body part towards midline.
- Rotation: Turning body part around an axis.
- Circumduction: Moving body part in a circle.
- Supination: Palm facing forward
- Pronation: Palm facing backward
- Lateral Flexion: Bending the body sideways.
- Inversion: Turning the sole of the foot inward.
- Eversion: Turning the sole of the foot outward.
General Terms About Muscles
- Myology: Study of muscles
- Musculus: Muscle
- Myocytus: Muscle fiber (cell)
- There are three types of muscle: skeletal, smooth, and cardiac
- Muscles are attached to bones by tendons or aponeurosis
- Contractions can be isometric (no change in length) or isotonic (change in length)
Function of Skeletal Muscles
- Movement
- Heat production
- Posture Maintenance
- Stability
- Stabilizing internal organs
Naming of Muscles
- Muscles are named based on shape, location, action, number of origins, and size
Mechanism of Muscle Contraction
- The location of muscles is relevant to their action.
- Muscles contract and produce movement through a specific pathway
Specific Muscles
- Muscles have specific roles in different parts of the body.
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Description
Explore the fascinating world of joints and muscles with this quiz. Learn about the different classifications of joints, their structures, and the anatomy of the knee joint. Test your knowledge on how these vital components enable movement in the human body.
