58 Questions
Which muscle is responsible for contralateral excursion of the mandible?
Medial pterygoid
What is the primary function of the lateral pterygoid muscle in relation to the mandible?
Protrusion
Which of the following muscles is not involved in protrusion of the mandible?
Temporalis
What is the shape of the lateral pterygoid muscle?
Triangular
Which of the following muscles is responsible for elevation of the mandible?
Medial pterygoid and masseter
What is the location of the medial and lateral pterygoid muscles?
Infratemporal fossa
What is the primary function of the supra- and infrahyoid muscles?
To assist in swallowing
Which muscle acts to depress the hyoid bone and larynx during swallowing?
Infrahyoid
What is the function of the tongue during the process of swallowing?
To move food towards the molars
What is the role of the lips during the process of eating?
To reduce the likelihood of food falling out of the mouth
What is the function of the buccinators during the process of eating?
To break down the food mechanically
What is the function of the ptyalin in the saliva?
To break down the carbohydrates
What is the primary function of the articular disc in the temporomandibular joint?
To separate the joint cavity into two compartments
Which of the following muscles of mastication is responsible for retrusion of the mandible?
Lateral Pterygoid
What is the main blood supply to the muscles of mastication?
Maxillary artery
Which structure lies between the temporalis and pterygoid muscles and anastomoses with the facial vein?
Pterygoid plexus of veins
What is the primary function of the hinge movement in the temporomandibular joint?
To enable rotation of the mandible during mastication
Which of the following is NOT a minor masticatory muscle?
Masseter
What is the primary function of the gliding movement in the temporomandibular joint?
To facilitate lateral deviation of the mandible
Which of the following muscles of mastication is responsible for elevation of the mandible?
Temporalis
What is the primary function of the infratemporal fossa?
To allow for the passage of the maxillary artery and pterygoid venous plexus
Which nerve is responsible for innervation of the muscles of mastication?
Mandibular nerve
What is the primary function of the orbicularis oris muscle in the process of bolus formation?
To contract and narrow the oropharyngeal isthmus
During swallowing, which muscles contract to close the nasopharynx from the oropharynx?
Superior constrictor muscles
What is the role of the epiglottis in the process of swallowing?
To deflect food and drink into the piriform fossa
Which muscles contract to reduce the size of the laryngeal inlet during swallowing?
Aryepiglottic and transverse arytenoid muscles
What is the role of the palatoglossus muscles in bolus formation?
To relax and open the oropharyngeal isthmus
How long does the process of swallowing take from the oropharynx to the stomach?
2 seconds
What is the primary function of the intrinsic and extrinsic muscles of the larynx during swallowing?
To prevent food or drink from entering the glottis
During which phase of swallowing does the soft palate rise?
Buccal phase
What happens to the larynx during the pharyngeal phase of swallowing?
It is elevated
What is the function of the sphincter in the upper oesophageal phase of swallowing?
It constricts to allow the bolus to pass downwards
What is the final step in the swallowing process?
The hyoid bone and larynx return to their usual position
What is the primary mechanism that drives the bolus down the oesophagus?
Peristalsis
What allows for 6 types of movements in the TMJ cavity?
The articular disc
Which of the following structures is NOT found in the infratemporal fossa?
The trigeminal nerve
What is the primary function of the anterior trunk of the mandibular nerve?
Innervation of the muscles of mastication
Which of the following veins anastomoses with the facial vein?
The pterygoid plexus of veins
What is the function of the VAN in relation to the muscles of mastication?
Venous drainage
Which of the following muscles is supplied by the mandibular nerve in addition to the muscles of mastication?
Buccinator
What is the primary function of the Masseter muscle during mastication?
Elevation, retrusion, and ipsilateral excursion
Which muscles are responsible for raising the pharynx during swallowing?
Suprahyoid muscles
During which stage of swallowing does the bolus move from the pharynx to the esophagus?
Oesophageal stage
What is the primary function of the Medial pterygoid muscle during mastication?
Elevation, protrusion, and contralateral excursion
What is the source of blood supply to the muscles of mastication?
Maxillary artery
Which muscles contract to depress the pharynx during swallowing?
Infrahyoid and lateral pterygoid muscles
What is the primary function of the lower compartment of the TMJ?
Hinge movement between the moving condyle and stationary disc
What is the primary function of the maxillary artery?
Arterial supply to the muscles of mastication
What is the primary function of the infratemporal fossa?
Passage of the maxillary artery and pterygoid plexus of veins
What is the primary function of the anterior trunk of the mandibular nerve?
Innervation of the muscles of mastication, buccinator, and mucosa of the floor
What is the primary function of the pterygoid plexus of veins?
Venous drainage of the muscles of mastication
What is the primary function of the VAN in relation to the muscles of mastication?
Venous drainage of the muscles of mastication
What is the primary function of the lateral pterygoid muscle during the process of swallowing?
Depression of the pharynx
Which of the following muscles is NOT involved in the buccal stage of swallowing?
Masseter
What is the primary function of the suprahyoid muscles during swallowing?
Raising the hyoid bone
What is the primary blood supply to the muscles of mastication?
Maxillary artery
During which stage of swallowing does the bolus move from the pharynx to the esophagus?
Pharyngeal stage
What is the primary function of the temporalis muscle during mastication?
Elevation and retrusion of the mandible
This quiz covers the functional anatomy of the Temporomandibular Joint (TMJ), muscles of mastication, and the infratemporal fossa. It also explores the process of mastication and swallowing.
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