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Questions and Answers
Which muscle is responsible for medial rotation of the shoulder in a person lying in the supine position?
Which muscle is responsible for medial rotation of the shoulder in a person lying in the supine position?
- Subscapularis (correct)
- Teres major
- Supraspinatus
- Infraspinatus
In which position should a person be asked to hang their arm off the bed to perform lateral rotation?
In which position should a person be asked to hang their arm off the bed to perform lateral rotation?
- Standing position
- Seated position
- Supine position
- Prone position (correct)
Where is the origin site of the short head of the biceps brachii muscle?
Where is the origin site of the short head of the biceps brachii muscle?
- Coracoid process of scapula (correct)
- Radial tuberosity
- Greater tubercle of humerus
- Olecranon process of ulna
Which muscle is responsible for lateral rotation of the shoulder joint?
Which muscle is responsible for lateral rotation of the shoulder joint?
Where is the attachment site of the long head of the triceps brachii muscle?
Where is the attachment site of the long head of the triceps brachii muscle?
Which muscle is responsible for both flexion and supination of the forearm?
Which muscle is responsible for both flexion and supination of the forearm?
Which muscle is responsible for flexion and adduction of the arm, especially horizontal adduction?
Which muscle is responsible for flexion and adduction of the arm, especially horizontal adduction?
In which position should the arm be when testing the muscle that contracts on the proximal medial side of the humerus?
In which position should the arm be when testing the muscle that contracts on the proximal medial side of the humerus?
Where does the lateral head of the triceps brachii muscle insert?
Where does the lateral head of the triceps brachii muscle insert?
Which muscle has its origin at the olecranon process and posterior border of the ulna?
Which muscle has its origin at the olecranon process and posterior border of the ulna?
Which muscle is involved in weak flexion of forearm and flexion, abduction (radial deviation) of the hand?
Which muscle is involved in weak flexion of forearm and flexion, abduction (radial deviation) of the hand?
Where does the middle head of the triceps brachii muscle originate?
Where does the middle head of the triceps brachii muscle originate?
Which forearm muscle originates from the lateral supracondylar ridge of the humerus?
Which forearm muscle originates from the lateral supracondylar ridge of the humerus?
What action is performed by the Flexor Digitorum Superficialis muscle?
What action is performed by the Flexor Digitorum Superficialis muscle?
Where does the Brachioradialis muscle insert?
Where does the Brachioradialis muscle insert?
What is the function of the Extensor Digitorum muscle?
What is the function of the Extensor Digitorum muscle?
Which muscle is NOT part of the mobile wad of three in the forearm?
Which muscle is NOT part of the mobile wad of three in the forearm?
In the prone position, which action is performed by the leg muscles involving plantar flexion of the foot and flexion of the leg?
In the prone position, which action is performed by the leg muscles involving plantar flexion of the foot and flexion of the leg?
'Beer drinking' is associated with which forearm muscle?
'Beer drinking' is associated with which forearm muscle?
Which ligaments are involved in shoulder movement and provide stability during adduction/abduction, flexion/extension, and rotation?
Which ligaments are involved in shoulder movement and provide stability during adduction/abduction, flexion/extension, and rotation?
What movement is primarily associated with the elbow joint?
What movement is primarily associated with the elbow joint?
Which joint classification describes the first carpometacarpal joint as allowing 2 degrees of movement involving flexion/extension and adduction/abduction?
Which joint classification describes the first carpometacarpal joint as allowing 2 degrees of movement involving flexion/extension and adduction/abduction?
During shoulder movement, which ligaments are responsible for providing stability during protraction/retraction?
During shoulder movement, which ligaments are responsible for providing stability during protraction/retraction?
What type of joint allows for 3 degrees of movement including flexion/extension, adduction/abduction, and opposition?
What type of joint allows for 3 degrees of movement including flexion/extension, adduction/abduction, and opposition?
Which muscle is responsible for flexion, adduction, medial rotation, and horizontal adduction of the arm?
Which muscle is responsible for flexion, adduction, medial rotation, and horizontal adduction of the arm?
Which nerve innervates the Serratus Anterior muscle?
Which nerve innervates the Serratus Anterior muscle?
What is the primary function of the Deltoid muscle?
What is the primary function of the Deltoid muscle?
Which muscle aids in the extension, adduction, and medial rotation of the arm?
Which muscle aids in the extension, adduction, and medial rotation of the arm?
Which nerve innervates the Latissimus Dorsi muscle?
Which nerve innervates the Latissimus Dorsi muscle?
Where does the Pectoralis Major muscle insert into the humerus?
Where does the Pectoralis Major muscle insert into the humerus?
Which muscle group is responsible for lateral flexion of the head and neck?
Which muscle group is responsible for lateral flexion of the head and neck?
Where is the origin of the Scalene Group muscles located?
Where is the origin of the Scalene Group muscles located?
During forced inspiration, which muscle group primarily elevates the first and second ribs?
During forced inspiration, which muscle group primarily elevates the first and second ribs?
Which muscle is involved in flexion and supination of the forearm?
Which muscle is involved in flexion and supination of the forearm?
Where does the Longissimus muscle insert?
Where does the Longissimus muscle insert?
Which muscle is responsible for extension of the head and upper neck?
Which muscle is responsible for extension of the head and upper neck?
What is the primary function of the Gluteus Medius muscle?
What is the primary function of the Gluteus Medius muscle?
Where does the ITB muscle primarily attach to provide support during standing?
Where does the ITB muscle primarily attach to provide support during standing?
What is the function of the Semitendinosus muscle?
What is the function of the Semitendinosus muscle?
Which nerve innervates the Biceps Femoris muscle?
Which nerve innervates the Biceps Femoris muscle?
What is a primary action performed by the Sartorius muscle?
What is a primary action performed by the Sartorius muscle?
Where does the Semimembranosus muscle insert?
Where does the Semimembranosus muscle insert?
What is the main function of the semitendinosus tendon?
What is the main function of the semitendinosus tendon?
Where does the rectus femoris muscle insert?
Where does the rectus femoris muscle insert?
Which muscle is located between biceps femoris and rectus femoris?
Which muscle is located between biceps femoris and rectus femoris?
What is the nerve supply for the adductor muscles as a group?
What is the nerve supply for the adductor muscles as a group?
Where does the vastus lateralis muscle originate?
Where does the vastus lateralis muscle originate?
Which muscles are involved in lateral rotation of the thigh?
Which muscles are involved in lateral rotation of the thigh?
What is the origin of the coracobrachialis muscle's lateral head?
What is the origin of the coracobrachialis muscle's lateral head?
Which muscle has its origin at the insertion of the pronator teres muscle?
Which muscle has its origin at the insertion of the pronator teres muscle?
Where does the ulnar head of the flexor carpi ulnaris muscle insert?
Where does the ulnar head of the flexor carpi ulnaris muscle insert?
What is the primary action of the flexor carpi radialis muscle?
What is the primary action of the flexor carpi radialis muscle?
From where does the pronator teres originate?
From where does the pronator teres originate?
Where does the palmaris longus muscle insert?
Where does the palmaris longus muscle insert?
Which ligaments are responsible for providing stability during 3 degrees of movement in the shoulder joint?
Which ligaments are responsible for providing stability during 3 degrees of movement in the shoulder joint?
Which muscle allows for weak flexion of the forearm and flexion along with abduction (radial deviation) of the hand?
Which muscle allows for weak flexion of the forearm and flexion along with abduction (radial deviation) of the hand?
Where is the attachment site of the palmar plates in the hand?
Where is the attachment site of the palmar plates in the hand?
What is the primary function of the Sternoclavicular joint?
What is the primary function of the Sternoclavicular joint?
Which ligaments contribute to providing stability in the elbow joint?
Which ligaments contribute to providing stability in the elbow joint?
What type of joint allows 2 degrees of movement involving flexion/extension and adduction/abduction in the hand?
What type of joint allows 2 degrees of movement involving flexion/extension and adduction/abduction in the hand?
Which muscle is responsible for lateral rotation and horizontal abduction of the shoulder joint?
Which muscle is responsible for lateral rotation and horizontal abduction of the shoulder joint?
Under which position should one find the supraspinatus muscle for testing?
Under which position should one find the supraspinatus muscle for testing?
Where is the attachment site of the biceps brachii short head?
Where is the attachment site of the biceps brachii short head?
Which muscle is involved in extension, adduction, and medial rotation of the shoulder?
Which muscle is involved in extension, adduction, and medial rotation of the shoulder?
In which position should one locate the teres minor muscle for testing?
In which position should one locate the teres minor muscle for testing?
Where does the triceps brachii muscle insert?
Where does the triceps brachii muscle insert?
Which muscle is responsible for extension, adduction, and medial rotation of the arm?
Which muscle is responsible for extension, adduction, and medial rotation of the arm?
During shoulder movement, which muscle allows for abduction, flexion/extension, and medial/lateral rotation?
During shoulder movement, which muscle allows for abduction, flexion/extension, and medial/lateral rotation?
What muscle is innervated by the long thoracic nerve (C5-C7) and is involved in protraction and upward rotation of the scapula?
What muscle is innervated by the long thoracic nerve (C5-C7) and is involved in protraction and upward rotation of the scapula?
Which muscle originates from the lateral clavicle, acromion, and spine of the scapula and is responsible for abduction, flexion/extensio, and medial/lateral rotation of the shoulder?
Which muscle originates from the lateral clavicle, acromion, and spine of the scapula and is responsible for abduction, flexion/extensio, and medial/lateral rotation of the shoulder?
What is the primary function of the Latissimus Dorsi muscle?
What is the primary function of the Latissimus Dorsi muscle?
Which muscle group is involved in lateral flexion of the head and neck?
Which muscle group is involved in lateral flexion of the head and neck?
What is the main action of the Gluteus maximus muscle?
What is the main action of the Gluteus maximus muscle?
Where does the Inferior gluteal nerve innervate the Gluteus maximus muscle from?
Where does the Inferior gluteal nerve innervate the Gluteus maximus muscle from?
What is the location of the EPB tendon related to the thumb?
What is the location of the EPB tendon related to the thumb?
Which muscle is responsible for abduction of the 5th finger?
Which muscle is responsible for abduction of the 5th finger?
Where does the Flexor digitorum superficialis muscle originate?
Where does the Flexor digitorum superficialis muscle originate?
What is the main action of the hand muscles located at the base of the proximal phalanx of the thumb?
What is the main action of the hand muscles located at the base of the proximal phalanx of the thumb?
What is the primary action of the Soleus muscle?
What is the primary action of the Soleus muscle?
Which ligaments contribute to stability during 3 degrees of movement in the sternoclavicular joint?
Which ligaments contribute to stability during 3 degrees of movement in the sternoclavicular joint?
Which joint allows only 1 degree of movement involving glide and slide?
Which joint allows only 1 degree of movement involving glide and slide?
Which muscle is responsible for extension of finger #5 at MCP, PIP, and DIP joints?
Which muscle is responsible for extension of finger #5 at MCP, PIP, and DIP joints?
What muscles are involved in extending the knee and performing dorsi flexion of the foot?
What muscles are involved in extending the knee and performing dorsi flexion of the foot?
Where does the Abductor Pollicis Longus muscle originate?
Where does the Abductor Pollicis Longus muscle originate?
Which muscle allows for opposition, flexion/extension, and adduction/abduction in the hand?
Which muscle allows for opposition, flexion/extension, and adduction/abduction in the hand?
What is the primary action of the Tensor Fascia Lata muscle?
What is the primary action of the Tensor Fascia Lata muscle?
Where does the Extensor pollicis brevis muscle insert?
Where does the Extensor pollicis brevis muscle insert?
What is the primary function of the collateral ligaments in the radiocarpal (wrist) joint?
What is the primary function of the collateral ligaments in the radiocarpal (wrist) joint?
Which muscle is involved in ulnar deviation/adduction of hand at wrist?
Which muscle is involved in ulnar deviation/adduction of hand at wrist?
What is the function of the Dorsal Interossei muscles?
What is the function of the Dorsal Interossei muscles?
Study Notes
Shoulder Muscles and Movements
- Medial rotation of the shoulder in supine position is primarily controlled by the Subscapularis muscle.
- To test lateral rotation, the arm should be hanging off the bed at a 90-degree angle.
- The short head of the biceps brachii muscle originates from the coracoid process of the scapula.
- Lateral rotation of the shoulder joint is facilitated by the Infraspinatus and Teres Minor muscles.
- The long head of the triceps brachii muscle attaches to the infraglenoid tubercle of the scapula.
- The biceps brachii muscle is responsible for both forearm flexion and supination.
- The Pectoralis Major muscle is responsible for flexion and adduction, particularly horizontal adduction.
Testing and Muscle Attachments
- When testing the muscle that contracts on the proximal medial side of the humerus, the arm should be positioned at 90 degrees of abduction.
- The lateral head of the triceps brachii muscle inserts into the olecranon process of the ulna.
- The Anconeus muscle originates from the olecranon process and posterior border of the ulna.
- The Brachialis muscle assists in weak flexion of the forearm and flexion, abduction (radial deviation) of the hand.
- The middle head of the triceps brachii originates from the posterior surface of the humerus.
- The Brachioradialis muscle inserts at the styloid process of the radius.
- The Flexor Digitorum Superficialis muscle performs flexion of the fingers at the proximal interphalangeal joints.
Forearm and Hand Muscles
- The Extensor Digitorum muscle extends the fingers at the metacarpophalangeal joints.
- The Supinator muscle is not part of the mobile wad of three in the forearm.
- In the prone position, the leg muscles perform plantar flexion of the foot and flexion of the leg.
- The Palmaris Longus muscle originates from the medial epicondyle of the humerus.
- The primary action of the Flexor Carpi Radialis muscle is to flex and abduct the wrist.
Joint Ligaments and Movements
- Ligaments that provide stability in shoulder movement include the Glenohumeral and Coracohumeral ligaments.
- The elbow joint primarily facilitates flexion and extension.
- The first carpometacarpal joint allows 2 degrees of movement (flexion/extension and abduction/adduction).
- The glenohumeral ligaments stabilize the shoulder during protraction/retraction.
Muscle Innervations and Functions
- The Serratus Anterior muscle is innervated by the Long Thoracic nerve (C5-C7).
- The Deltoid muscle's primary function is to abduct the arm.
- The Latissimus Dorsi muscle is innervated by the Thoracodorsal nerve.
- The Pectoralis Major muscle inserts into the intertubercular groove of the humerus.
Other Key Muscles and Movements
- Lateral flexion of the head and neck is primarily performed by the Sternocleidomastoid and Scalenes.
- During forced inspiration, the scalenes elevate the first and second ribs.
- The Longissimus muscle inserts into the transverse processes of the vertebrae and ribs.
- The Gluteus Medius muscle primarily functions to abduct and stabilize the hip.
- The ITB (Iliotibial Band) muscle attaches at the lateral condyle of the tibia.
Lower Limb Muscles
- The action of the Semitendinosus muscle includes hip extension and knee flexion.
- The Biceps Femoris muscle is innervated by the Sciatic nerve.
- The primary action of the Sartorius muscle is hip flexion and external rotation.
- The Rectus Femoris muscle inserts into the patellar tendon.
- The Adductor muscles are innervated by the Obturator nerve.
Ligament Support and Joint Movement
- Ligaments that stabilize the shoulder allow for 3 degrees of movement are the Glenohumeral and Coracohumeral ligaments.
- The Flexor carpi ulnaris muscle inserts at the pisiform and hook of the hamate.
- The Dorsal Interossei muscles primarily function in abduction and assist in flexion at the metacarpophalangeal joints.
Hand and Wrist Movement
- The Abductor Pollicis Longus muscle originates from the posterior surface of the radius and ulna.
- The primary function of the Tensor Fascia Lata muscle is to assist in hip flexion and stabilization of the pelvis.
- The primary action of the Soleus muscle is to perform plantar flexion of the foot.
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Description
Test your knowledge on the anatomy of back, shoulder, and neck muscles including Latissimus Dorsi, Serratus Anterior, and more. Identify the muscle attachments and functions based on the given descriptions.
