Podcast
Questions and Answers
What type of injury is most likely to occur in the rotator cuff muscles?
What type of injury is most likely to occur in the rotator cuff muscles?
Which muscle is responsible for stabilizing the shoulder joint?
Which muscle is responsible for stabilizing the shoulder joint?
What is the main function of the coraco-acromial ligament?
What is the main function of the coraco-acromial ligament?
Which of the following is NOT a typical sports injury in the shoulder region?
Which of the following is NOT a typical sports injury in the shoulder region?
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Which muscle is located superiorly in the rotator cuff?
Which muscle is located superiorly in the rotator cuff?
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What is the term for chronic inflammation of a tendon?
What is the term for chronic inflammation of a tendon?
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Which of the following muscles initiates abduction of the arm at the gleno-humeral joint?
Which of the following muscles initiates abduction of the arm at the gleno-humeral joint?
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Which muscle medially rotates the arm?
Which muscle medially rotates the arm?
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Which muscle laterally rotates the arm?
Which muscle laterally rotates the arm?
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Which muscle is responsible for medial rotation of the arm at the gleno-humeral joint?
Which muscle is responsible for medial rotation of the arm at the gleno-humeral joint?
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Which of the following muscles is NOT involved in rotation of the arm?
Which of the following muscles is NOT involved in rotation of the arm?
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Which muscle is involved in abduction, but not rotation, of the arm?
Which muscle is involved in abduction, but not rotation, of the arm?
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What is the name of the structure located between the greater and lesser tubercles?
What is the name of the structure located between the greater and lesser tubercles?
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Which of the following structures is located on the medial aspect of the humerus?
Which of the following structures is located on the medial aspect of the humerus?
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What is the name of the structure that forms the lateral part of the elbow joint?
What is the name of the structure that forms the lateral part of the elbow joint?
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Which of the following structures is not a fossa of the humerus?
Which of the following structures is not a fossa of the humerus?
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What is the name of the bony projection on the medial aspect of the proximal humerus?
What is the name of the bony projection on the medial aspect of the proximal humerus?
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Which of the following structures is not an articular surface of the humerus?
Which of the following structures is not an articular surface of the humerus?
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Which artery is a branch of the axillary artery and supplies the humerus?
Which artery is a branch of the axillary artery and supplies the humerus?
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Which artery is a branch of the brachial artery and supplies the ulnar collateral artery?
Which artery is a branch of the brachial artery and supplies the ulnar collateral artery?
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Which nerve is associated with the profunda brachii artery?
Which nerve is associated with the profunda brachii artery?
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Which artery is a branch of the axillary artery and supplies the scapula?
Which artery is a branch of the axillary artery and supplies the scapula?
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Which artery is a branch of the brachial artery and supplies the forearm?
Which artery is a branch of the brachial artery and supplies the forearm?
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Which artery is a branch of the axillary artery and supplies the humerus and scapula?
Which artery is a branch of the axillary artery and supplies the humerus and scapula?
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Which artery is a branch of the brachial artery and supplies the medial aspect of the forearm?
Which artery is a branch of the brachial artery and supplies the medial aspect of the forearm?
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Which artery is a branch of the profunda brachii artery and supplies the posterior aspect of the arm?
Which artery is a branch of the profunda brachii artery and supplies the posterior aspect of the arm?
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What is the primary function of the long head of the biceps brachii muscle?
What is the primary function of the long head of the biceps brachii muscle?
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Which muscle is responsible for stabilizing the shoulder joint and flexing the arm at the shoulder joint?
Which muscle is responsible for stabilizing the shoulder joint and flexing the arm at the shoulder joint?
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What is the main function of the brachialis muscle?
What is the main function of the brachialis muscle?
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Which muscle is responsible for extending the forearm at the elbow joint?
Which muscle is responsible for extending the forearm at the elbow joint?
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What is the origin of the long head of the triceps brachii muscle?
What is the origin of the long head of the triceps brachii muscle?
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Which muscle assists the triceps brachii muscle as an extensor of the forearm?
Which muscle assists the triceps brachii muscle as an extensor of the forearm?
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What is the origin of the coracobrachialis muscle?
What is the origin of the coracobrachialis muscle?
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What is the course of the axillary artery?
What is the course of the axillary artery?
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What is the branch of the axillary artery that supplies the suprascapular region?
What is the branch of the axillary artery that supplies the suprascapular region?
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What is the variant of the anconeus muscle that is present in less than 25% of the population?
What is the variant of the anconeus muscle that is present in less than 25% of the population?
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Study Notes
Deep Intrinsic Shoulder Muscles
- Supraspinatus initiates abduction of the arm at the glenohumeral joint
- Infraspinatus laterally rotates the arm
- Teres minor laterally rotates the arm
- Teres major medially rotates the arm
- Subscapularis medially rotates the arm
Rotator Cuff Muscles
- Coraco-acromial ligament is associated with supraspinatus
- Typical sports injuries to rotator cuff muscles include tears, tendinosis, inflammation, and fibrosis
The Humerus and its Articulations
- The humerus has a greater tubercle, head, lesser tubercle, anatomical neck, intertubercular sulcus, and radial groove
- The deltoid tuberosity, medial and lateral supraepicondylar ridges, coronoid fossa, olecranon fossa, radial fossa, medial and lateral epicondyles, capitulum, and trochlea are all features of the humerus
The Anterior Compartment of the Arm
- Biceps brachii has a long head that originates from the supraglenoid tubercle and a short head that originates from the coracoid process
- Biceps brachii flexes the forearm at the elbow joint and stabilizes the shoulder
- In 10% of people, biceps brachii has a third head that originates from the superomedial part of the brachialis
- Coracobrachialis originates from the coracoid process and adducts and flexes the arm at the shoulder joint
- Brachialis is the main flexor of the forearm at the elbow joint and has two heads that originate from the coronoid process and ulnar tuberosity
The Posterior Compartment of the Arm
- Triceps brachii has three heads (medial, lateral, and long) and is the main extensor of the forearm at the elbow joint
- Triceps brachii also adducts and extends the arm at the shoulder joint
- Anconeus assists triceps brachii as an extensor of the forearm and tenses the capsule of the elbow joint
Blood Supply to the Shoulder Region and Arm
- The axillary artery originates from the subclavian artery and has several branches
- Anastomoses around the scapula involve the suprascapular artery, axillary artery, circumflex scapular artery, and dorsal scapular artery
- The brachial artery gives rise to the profunda brachii artery, humeral nutrient artery, and radial and middle collateral arteries
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Description
Test your knowledge of the deep intrinsic shoulder muscles, rotator cuff muscles, and humerus articulation.
