30 Questions
What is the result of peristaltic contractions in the small intestine?
Caudad movement
What is the role of circular smooth muscle in the small intestine?
Participates in both segmental and peristaltic contractions
Which innervation promotes intestinal motility?
Parasympathetic innervation
What characterizes the myoelectric activity in the fasting state of the small intestine?
Synchronized, rhythmic changes
Which gastrointestinal hormones promote intestinal motility?
Gastrin and CCK
What describes the migrating motor complex (MMC) observed in the fasting state of the small intestine?
Synchronous, rhythmic contractions
What type of muscle makes up the internal sphincter of the anal sphincter?
Smooth muscle
Which nervous system is responsible for transmitting the defecation reflex?
Enteric nervous system
How is the external sphincter of the anal sphincter controlled?
Subconsciously
What triggers the defecation reflex according to the text?
Distension of the organ wall
When feces enter the rectum, which part of the colon helps in forcing feces toward the anus?
Sigmoid colon
What kind of control does the internal sphincter have over defecation?
Involuntary control
What is the primary function of the ileocecal valve?
To regulate the emptying of ileal contents into the cecum
Which region of the large intestine serves as a reservoir function?
Colon
What happens to the ileocecal sphincter immediately after a meal?
It intensifies the emptying of ileal contents into the cecum
Where does the conversion of liquid content of ileocecal material to solid stool primarily occur?
Colon
Which segment has a tonically contracted region that narrows the opening between the ileum and the cecum?
Ileocecal sphincter
What triggers the relaxation of the ileocecal valve?
Gastroileal reflex
What can cause constipation according to the text?
Tumors obstructing intestinal movement
Why might even a slight spasm in the sigmoid colon cause serious constipation?
Due to excess feces accumulating above the spastic sigmoid colon
What is a consequence of excessive colonic secretions after days of constipation?
Day or so of diarrhea
How do colonocytes utilize short-chain fatty acids produced by colonic bacteria?
As their preferred energy substrate
What role do some lipophilic end products play in the large intestine?
They are used as energy substrates by colonocytes
Which statement is true regarding digestion and absorption in the large intestine?
Undigested complex carbohydrates and proteins are broken down by intestinal flora
Why is it crucial for the stomach to allow only small amounts of fat into the intestine at one time?
To slow down fat digestion in order to match the speeds of protein and carbohydrate digestion
How do the incretin hormones GIP and GLP-1 contribute to insulin release?
By promoting insulin release from the pancreas
What is the role of sensors in the intestine wall that are sensitive to chyme osmolarity?
To regulate gastric emptying
What is the function of the large intestine in terms of water and electrolyte absorption?
It reabsorbs water and electrolytes from chyme
Why does chyme usually form a hyperosmotic solution in the digestive process?
To aid in the absorption of nutrients
What happens to the unabsorbed chyme by the end of the ileum?
It is reduced to about 1.5 liters remaining in the alimentary canal
Test your knowledge on the function of the large intestine and the ileocecal valve in the digestive system. Learn about the absorption of water, chyme movement, and the role of the ileocecal valve in regulating the flow of food between the ileum and cecum.
Make Your Own Quizzes and Flashcards
Convert your notes into interactive study material.
Get started for free
