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Human Digestive System: Large Intestine

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Questions and Answers

What is the main function of the large intestine?

To secrete hormones and regulate blood sugar levels

To absorb sodium, chloride, and water to concentrate waste material (correct)

To synthesize proteins and absorb fats

To break down carbohydrates into simple sugars

What type of cells predominate in the epithelium of the large intestine?

Basal cells

Ciliated cells

Absorptive cells

Goblet cells (correct)

What is unique about the muscular layers of the large intestine?

They are composed of smooth muscle only

They are thicker than those in the small intestine (correct)

They are thinner than those in the small intestine

They are composed of skeletal muscle only

What is absorbed by the large intestine?

<p>Sodium, chloride, and water</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of absorptive cells in the large intestine?

<p>To absorb sodium and chloride</p> Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Large Intestine Function

Processes indigestible material from the small intestine
Absorbs sodium, chloride, and water to concentrate waste material into feces
Can absorb or secrete potassium
Absorbs vitamins

Large Intestine Structure

Lacks villi
Has glands with crypts
Epithelium contains a mix of absorptive cells and goblet cells
Goblet cells predominate
Absorptive cells take up sodium and chloride, allowing water passage via osmosis

Large Intestine Composition

Lamina propria contains macrophages, plasma cells, eosinophils, and lymphoid nodules
External muscular layers are thicker in the colon
Generates powerful peristaltic contractions to propel waste

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Description

This quiz covers the functions and structure of the large intestine, including waste concentration, electrolyte and vitamin absorption, and epithelial cell composition.