Anatomy of the Digestive System
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Questions and Answers

What is the function of the ileocecal valve?

  • Aids in digestion of fats and proteins
  • Regulates blood sugar levels
  • Prevents contents of the large intestine from entering the small intestine (correct)
  • Prevents contents of the small intestine from entering the large intestine

    • Which part of the colon is responsible for absorbing water and eliminating wastes?

  • Transverse colon
  • Sigmoid colon (correct)
  • Ascending colon
  • Descending colon

    • What role do Kupffer cells play in the liver?

  • Remove bacteria in the portal venous blood (correct)
  • Secrete bile to emulsify fats
  • Synthesize glucose and amino acids
  • Store vitamins A, D, and B

    • Where does the common bile duct open into?

    <p>Duodenum (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which part of the large intestine plays a vital role in synthesizing some B vitamins and vitamin K?

    <p>Cecum (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the main function of the internal and external anal sphincters?

    <p>Control the anal canal (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of gallstones are ursodeoxycholic acid (UDCA) and chenodeoxycholic acid (CDCA) used to dissolve?

    <p>Cholesterol-based gallstones (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the mechanism of action of ursodeoxycholic acid (UDCA) and chenodeoxycholic acid (CDCA) in dissolving gallstones?

    <p>Desaturating bile by inhibiting cholesterol synthesis and secretion (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    When is pharmacologic therapy with ursodeoxycholic acid (UDCA) and chenodeoxycholic acid (CDCA) indicated instead of surgery for gallstones?

    <p>When the patient prefers it over surgery (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which type of foods should be AVOIDED in the diet for patients with gallstones?

    <p>Fried foods and cheese (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a nursing implication for promoting biliary drainage after cholecystectomy?

    <p>Encouraging deep breathing exercises (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which surgical procedure involves the non-surgical removal of gallstones using shock waves?

    <p>Extracorporeal Shock Wave Lithotripsy (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the positioning of the patient for an Endoscopic Retrograde Cholangiopancreatography (ERCP)?

    <p>Left semiprone position (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the purpose of administering glucagon or anticholinergic agents before an ERCP?

    <p>To facilitate cannulation and decrease duodenal peristalsis (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a sign that nursing staff should watch out for during an ERCP procedure?

    <p>Hypotension (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a recommended supportive measure for a patient post-ERCP to reduce nausea and eliminate vomiting?

    <p>Nasogastric suctioning (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In what situation would antibiotic therapy be indicated in a patient who underwent an ERCP?

    <p>If infection is suspected (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of diet is recommended post-ERCP?

    <p>Low fat liquids (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the definitive diagnostic test for peptic ulcer disease?

    <p>Endoscopy and biopsy (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which physiological event can cause Curling ulcers and Cushing ulcers?

    <p>Physiologically stressful events (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In peptic ulcer disease, which location is more likely for chronic gastric ulcers?

    <p>Near pylorus (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the key risk factor for Zollinger-Ellison Syndrome?

    <p>Alcohol consumption and smoking (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a classic manifestation of peptic ulcer perforation?

    <p>Extreme abdominal tenderness (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What action is recommended to manage peptic ulcer disease symptoms until they subside?

    <p>Antacids (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of the gallbladder during the digestion of fats?

    <p>Contracts to force bile into the duodenum (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which gland secretes sodium bicarbonate to neutralize stomach acidity in the duodenum?

    <p>Pancreas (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What hormone is released upon the presence of fatty materials in the duodenum?

    <p>Cholecystokinin (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which enzyme digests starch to maltose in pancreatic intestinal juice?

    <p>Amylase (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the function of insulin secreted by the pancreas into the bloodstream?

    <p>Raise blood glucose levels (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which enzyme activates trypsinogen to trypsin?

    <p>Enterokinase (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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