30 Questions
What is the function of the ileocecal valve?
Prevents contents of the large intestine from entering the small intestine
Which part of the colon is responsible for absorbing water and eliminating wastes?
Sigmoid colon
What role do Kupffer cells play in the liver?
Remove bacteria in the portal venous blood
Where does the common bile duct open into?
Duodenum
Which part of the large intestine plays a vital role in synthesizing some B vitamins and vitamin K?
Cecum
What is the main function of the internal and external anal sphincters?
Control the anal canal
What type of gallstones are ursodeoxycholic acid (UDCA) and chenodeoxycholic acid (CDCA) used to dissolve?
Cholesterol-based gallstones
What is the mechanism of action of ursodeoxycholic acid (UDCA) and chenodeoxycholic acid (CDCA) in dissolving gallstones?
Desaturating bile by inhibiting cholesterol synthesis and secretion
When is pharmacologic therapy with ursodeoxycholic acid (UDCA) and chenodeoxycholic acid (CDCA) indicated instead of surgery for gallstones?
When the patient prefers it over surgery
Which type of foods should be AVOIDED in the diet for patients with gallstones?
Fried foods and cheese
What is a nursing implication for promoting biliary drainage after cholecystectomy?
Encouraging deep breathing exercises
Which surgical procedure involves the non-surgical removal of gallstones using shock waves?
Extracorporeal Shock Wave Lithotripsy
What is the positioning of the patient for an Endoscopic Retrograde Cholangiopancreatography (ERCP)?
Left semiprone position
What is the purpose of administering glucagon or anticholinergic agents before an ERCP?
To facilitate cannulation and decrease duodenal peristalsis
Which of the following is a sign that nursing staff should watch out for during an ERCP procedure?
Hypotension
What is a recommended supportive measure for a patient post-ERCP to reduce nausea and eliminate vomiting?
Nasogastric suctioning
In what situation would antibiotic therapy be indicated in a patient who underwent an ERCP?
If infection is suspected
What type of diet is recommended post-ERCP?
Low fat liquids
What is the definitive diagnostic test for peptic ulcer disease?
Endoscopy and biopsy
Which physiological event can cause Curling ulcers and Cushing ulcers?
Physiologically stressful events
In peptic ulcer disease, which location is more likely for chronic gastric ulcers?
Near pylorus
What is the key risk factor for Zollinger-Ellison Syndrome?
Alcohol consumption and smoking
Which of the following is a classic manifestation of peptic ulcer perforation?
Extreme abdominal tenderness
What action is recommended to manage peptic ulcer disease symptoms until they subside?
Antacids
What is the function of the gallbladder during the digestion of fats?
Contracts to force bile into the duodenum
Which gland secretes sodium bicarbonate to neutralize stomach acidity in the duodenum?
Pancreas
What hormone is released upon the presence of fatty materials in the duodenum?
Cholecystokinin
Which enzyme digests starch to maltose in pancreatic intestinal juice?
Amylase
What is the function of insulin secreted by the pancreas into the bloodstream?
Raise blood glucose levels
Which enzyme activates trypsinogen to trypsin?
Enterokinase
Test your knowledge on the anatomy of the digestive system from the small intestine to the colon and rectum, including the functions and characteristics of each part.
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