36 Questions
What is one of the functions of the kidneys in maintaining blood pressure?
Releasing the enzyme renin
How do the kidneys help control the blood's ion balance?
By eliminating varying amounts of sodium ions
What is the main method through which the kidneys aid in maintaining acid-base balance?
Altering blood levels of hydrogen ions and bicarbonate ions
Which biologically active molecules are filtered by the kidneys but not reclaimed?
Hormones and drugs
What does the regulation of fluid lost in urine by the kidneys help to regulate?
Blood volume
Which hormone is produced as a result of the kidneys releasing renin?
Aldosterone
Which of the following structures is NOT part of the urinary system?
Gallbladder
What is the primary function of the kidneys?
To produce urine from blood filtrate
What is the maximum capacity of the urinary bladder?
1 liter
Which of the following processes does NOT occur in the kidneys?
Storage of urine
Which structure transports urine from the kidneys to the urinary bladder?
Ureters
Through which structure is urine eliminated from the body?
Urethra
What is the primary role of calcitriol produced by the kidneys?
To increase the absorption of calcium from the small intestine
Which hormone is secreted by the kidneys in response to low blood oxygen levels?
Erythropoietin (EPO)
What is the primary function of erythropoietin (EPO) secreted by the kidneys?
To stimulate red bone marrow to increase erythrocyte formation
During prolonged fasting or starvation, the kidneys may engage in which process?
Gluconeogenesis
Which of the following is NOT a function of the kidneys related to maintaining healthy blood?
Producing insulin to regulate blood glucose levels
Which statement best summarizes the overall role of the kidneys?
The kidneys take care of our blood by maintaining its composition.
What is the primary function of the urinary bladder?
Store urine
Which of the following substances are removed by the kidneys to prevent toxic levels in the blood?
Urea
What is the role of the ureters in the urinary system?
Transport urine from kidneys to bladder
Which organ in the urinary system is responsible for converting blood filtrate into urine?
Kidneys
What is the function of the renal system in regulating ion levels in the body?
Regulating ion levels in blood
How does the urinary system help in preventing toxic levels of waste in the blood?
By removing waste from filtrate and converting it into urine
What is the primary function of erythropoietin (EPO) hormone secreted by the kidneys?
Stimulate red bone marrow for erythrocyte formation
How do the kidneys help maintain blood glucose levels during periods of extreme nutrient deprivation?
Engaging in gluconeogenesis
What is the potential effect of increased numbers of erythrocytes stimulated by erythropoietin (EPO)?
Enhanced oxygen transport from lungs to cells
What happens when cells within the kidney secrete erythropoietin (EPO) in response to low blood oxygen levels?
EPO stimulates red bone marrow
What is the primary role of calcitriol regarding calcium absorption?
Increase absorption of calcium from the small intestine
What is the effect of kidneys engaging in gluconeogenesis during nutrient deprivation?
Increase in blood glucose levels
How do the kidneys help regulate blood pressure?
By excreting fluid in the urine
What is the role of renin released by the kidneys?
Required for production of angiotensin II, a hormone that increases blood pressure
Which ion balance is controlled by the kidneys through elimination in varying amounts in the urine?
Potassium ions (K+)
What is one of the functions of the kidneys in regulating acid-base balance?
Altering blood levels of bicarbonate ions (HCO3-)
Which process do the kidneys engage in regarding biologically active molecules?
Eliminating them in varying amounts in the urine
How do the kidneys contribute to maintaining blood volume?
By excreting fluid in the urine to regulate blood volume
Learn about the components of the urinary system such as kidneys, ureters, urinary bladder, and urethra. Understand the primary function of the kidneys in filtering blood to produce urine.
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