24.1 Introduction to the Urinary System

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What is one of the functions of the kidneys in maintaining blood pressure?

Releasing the enzyme renin (correct)

Eliminating bicarbonate ions

Filtering biologically active molecules

Synthesizing calcitriol

How do the kidneys help control the blood's ion balance?

By synthesizing calcitriol

By filtering biologically active molecules

By excreting fluid in the urine

By eliminating varying amounts of sodium ions (correct)

What is the main method through which the kidneys aid in maintaining acid-base balance?

Releasing renin

Synthesizing calcitriol

Altering blood levels of hydrogen ions and bicarbonate ions (correct)

Excreting fluid in the urine

Which biologically active molecules are filtered by the kidneys but not reclaimed?

Hormones and drugs Signup and view all the answers

What does the regulation of fluid lost in urine by the kidneys help to regulate?

Blood volume Signup and view all the answers

Which hormone is produced as a result of the kidneys releasing renin?

Aldosterone Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following structures is NOT part of the urinary system?

Gallbladder Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of the kidneys?

To produce urine from blood filtrate Signup and view all the answers

What is the maximum capacity of the urinary bladder?

1 liter Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following processes does NOT occur in the kidneys?

Storage of urine Signup and view all the answers

Which structure transports urine from the kidneys to the urinary bladder?

Ureters Signup and view all the answers

Through which structure is urine eliminated from the body?

Urethra Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary role of calcitriol produced by the kidneys?

To increase the absorption of calcium from the small intestine Signup and view all the answers

Which hormone is secreted by the kidneys in response to low blood oxygen levels?

Erythropoietin (EPO) Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of erythropoietin (EPO) secreted by the kidneys?

To stimulate red bone marrow to increase erythrocyte formation Signup and view all the answers

During prolonged fasting or starvation, the kidneys may engage in which process?

Gluconeogenesis Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT a function of the kidneys related to maintaining healthy blood?

Producing insulin to regulate blood glucose levels Signup and view all the answers

Which statement best summarizes the overall role of the kidneys?

The kidneys take care of our blood by maintaining its composition. Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of the urinary bladder?

Store urine Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following substances are removed by the kidneys to prevent toxic levels in the blood?

Urea Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of the ureters in the urinary system?

Transport urine from kidneys to bladder Signup and view all the answers

Which organ in the urinary system is responsible for converting blood filtrate into urine?

Kidneys Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of the renal system in regulating ion levels in the body?

Regulating ion levels in blood Signup and view all the answers

How does the urinary system help in preventing toxic levels of waste in the blood?

By removing waste from filtrate and converting it into urine Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of erythropoietin (EPO) hormone secreted by the kidneys?

Stimulate red bone marrow for erythrocyte formation Signup and view all the answers

How do the kidneys help maintain blood glucose levels during periods of extreme nutrient deprivation?

Engaging in gluconeogenesis Signup and view all the answers

What is the potential effect of increased numbers of erythrocytes stimulated by erythropoietin (EPO)?

Enhanced oxygen transport from lungs to cells Signup and view all the answers

What happens when cells within the kidney secrete erythropoietin (EPO) in response to low blood oxygen levels?

EPO stimulates red bone marrow Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary role of calcitriol regarding calcium absorption?

Increase absorption of calcium from the small intestine Signup and view all the answers

What is the effect of kidneys engaging in gluconeogenesis during nutrient deprivation?

Increase in blood glucose levels Signup and view all the answers

How do the kidneys help regulate blood pressure?

By excreting fluid in the urine Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of renin released by the kidneys?

Required for production of angiotensin II, a hormone that increases blood pressure Signup and view all the answers

Which ion balance is controlled by the kidneys through elimination in varying amounts in the urine?

Potassium ions (K+) Signup and view all the answers

What is one of the functions of the kidneys in regulating acid-base balance?

Altering blood levels of bicarbonate ions (HCO3-) Signup and view all the answers

Which process do the kidneys engage in regarding biologically active molecules?

Eliminating them in varying amounts in the urine Signup and view all the answers

How do the kidneys contribute to maintaining blood volume?

By excreting fluid in the urine to regulate blood volume Signup and view all the answers