Anatomy Exam 2 Ch. 21B: Immune System Defenses

Which antibody class is found in body fluids and helps protect against infections?

Which antibody class is involved in allergic reactions?

Which antibody class is the most common and provides long-term protection against infections?

Which antibody class is the first to be produced in response to an infection?

Which antibody class is found on the surface of B cells and helps activate them?

Which cells primarily present exogenous antigens to helper T cells?

Where do B cells develop and undergo selection to ensure self-tolerance?

Which cells secrete defensive immunoglobulins (Igs) and memory antibodies?

Which type of immunity utilizes antibodies produced by B cells to tag antigens for destruction?

What distinguishes immunity from nonspecific resistance?

Which of the following is NOT a function of antibodies?

Which type of immunity involves B cells mediated by antibodies that destroy pathogens?

What characterizes natural passive immunity?

Which class of antibodies is produced by the body upon exposure to a pathogen?

What type of immunity involves making its own antibodies that last forever?

What is the main function of cytotoxic T cells in cellular immunity?

Which type of T cell is responsible for memory in cellular immunity?

Where are MHC class I molecules primarily found?

What is the process of antigen presentation involving APCs and T cells?

In cellular immunity, what triggers cytotoxic T cells (TC cells) to become activated?

Where do B cells mature?

Which one of the following is NOT an effector cell in the immune system?

What is the primary target of humoral immunity?

Which cells produce antibodies in the immune response?

What is the function of B cells in adaptive immunity?

Which type of immunity involves B cells and the production of antibodies?

Which cells are responsible for producing antibodies in response to an antigen?

Which class of antibodies is involved in allergic reactions and defense against parasites?

What is the primary function of B cells in the immune system?

Which type of immunity involves the transfer of pre-formed antibodies from one individual to another?

What is the primary function of neutrophils in the inflammatory response?

Which white blood cell type is essential for fighting off bacterial infections?

Which white blood cell type releases histamine in the inflammatory response?

What is the role of eosinophils in the immune response?

Which type of white blood cell plays a role in allergic reactions?

What is the primary function of antibodies produced by plasma cells?

What is the main role of B cells in humoral immunity?

What distinguishes different antibody classes from each other?

What is the main function of neutrophils in the inflammatory response?

Which white blood cell type plays a role in combating parasitic infections?

What is the primary role of basophils in the body's inflammatory response?

Which process involves white blood cells engulfing and destroying bacteria?

Which white blood cell type floods the area of infection to complete the inflammatory process?

Which type of white blood cell is responsible for engulfing and digesting pathogens in the immune response?

What is the primary function of basophils in the immune system?

Which white blood cell is known for its role in combating parasitic infections and allergic reactions?

In the immune system, which cells are primarily responsible for destroying infected cells and tumor cells?

What distinguishes eosinophils from neutrophils, basophils, and monocytes in the immune system?

What is the primary role of neutrophils in the immune response?

Which of the following white blood cells releases histamine in the inflammatory response?

What distinguishes eosinophils from other phagocytic cells like neutrophils and macrophages?

Which white blood cell type can differentiate into macrophages, contributing to the body's immune response?

What is the main process that macrophages, derived from monocytes, are involved in during the immune response?

Which type of white blood cell releases histamine and is involved in allergic reactions?

Which white blood cell type is primarily responsible for engulfing and destroying pathogens through phagocytosis?

Which white blood cell is primarily responsible for phagocytosis and clearing pathogens from the body?

Which white blood cell type is associated with defense against parasites and allergic reactions?

Among the listed white blood cells, which one releases histamine and plays a role in allergic reactions?

Which type of white blood cell is essential for defense against parasites and plays a role in allergic reactions?

Among white blood cells, which type is known for its role in presenting antigens to T cells?

Which type of white blood cell is primarily responsible for engulfing and destroying bacteria through phagocytosis?

Among the listed white blood cells, which one is known for its role in presenting antigens to T cells and acting as antigen-presenting cells (APCs)?

Which white blood cell plays a crucial role in engulfing and digesting cellular debris and pathogens through phagocytosis?

Which type of white blood cell is associated with combating parasitic infections and modulating allergic responses?

Which type of white blood cell is responsible for releasing histamine and heparin in response to allergic reactions or inflammation?

Which one of the following white blood cell types is primarily responsible for fighting off bacterial infections and promoting inflammation through phagocytosis?

Which type of white blood cell is known for differentiating into macrophages that engulf pathogens and cellular debris as part of the immune response?

Which process involves the ingestion and destruction of pathogens or debris by white blood cells like neutrophils and macrophages?

What is the primary role of neutrophils in the immune response?

Which white blood cell type is primarily responsible for combatting parasitic infections?

What is the main function of basophils in the immune system?

In the immune response, which cell type is primarily responsible for presenting antigens to T cells for activation?

Which white blood cell is known for its role in wound healing and tissue repair?

What is the primary function of eosinophils in the immune system?

Where do T cells mature in the body?

What is the role of regulatory T cells in the immune system?

How do Reticuloendothelial (RE) cells in the thymus test T cells?

Which cell type is primarily responsible for presenting antigens to T cells for activation?

In the context of HIV/AIDS, which cell type is directly affected by the virus, leading to a weakened immune response?

What is the primary role of cytotoxic T (TC) cells in cellular immunity?

Which type of white blood cell is primarily responsible for presenting antigens to T cells for activation?

In the context of cellular immunity, what is the function of regulatory T (TR) cells?

Which process involves the migration of APCs to present antigens to T cells in lymph nodes?

In the context of hypersensitivity reactions, which type of response characterizes a delayed-type hypersensitivity reaction?

What is the primary function of T cells in the immune response?

Which type of white blood cell primarily presents exogenous antigens to helper T cells?

Which type of white blood cell is responsible for presenting antigens to T cells and acting as antigen-presenting cells (APCs)?

What is the main function of cytotoxic T cells in cellular immunity?

In hypersensitivity reactions, which type of response is characterized by an overreaction of the immune system to harmless antigens?

In hypersensitivity reactions, which type of T cells is primarily involved in promoting inflammatory responses?

During HIV/AIDS infection, which component of the immune system is specifically targeted and depleted by the virus?

What is the primary function of T cells in cellular immunity?

Which cells are primarily responsible for memory in cellular immunity?

How do dendritic cells contribute to the immune response against foreign invaders?

Which type of immune response involves the activation of cytotoxic T cells to combat infected cells, as seen in infections like HIV/AIDS?

What effect does HIV/AIDS have on the immune system with regard to T cell function?

In the context of immune responses, what is the main function of antigen-presenting cells (APCs)?

Which of the following is a characteristic of Type IV hypersensitivity reactions mediated by T cells?

How do HIV/AIDS affect the immune system primarily?

What is the primary difference between Type IV hypersensitivity reactions and other types?

Which characteristic best describes autoimmune diseases?

In HIV/AIDS, how is the virus primarily transmitted?

Which of the following is a characteristic feature of Type II hypersensitivity reactions?

What distinguishes SCID from AIDS in terms of immune response deficiency?

Which type of white blood cell is known for engulfing and destroying bacteria through phagocytosis in the immune response?

What is the primary role of basophils in the body's inflammatory response?

Which white blood cell type primarily floods the area of infection to complete the inflammatory process?

In the context of HIV/AIDS, which cell type is directly affected by the virus, leading to a weakened immune response?

What differentiates eosinophils from neutrophils and basophils in their immune functions?

Which white blood cell type is primarily responsible for engulfing and digesting pathogens in the immune response?

What is the primary function of regulatory T cells in the immune system?

Which white blood cell releases histamine and attracts other immune cells to the site of infection or inflammation?

Match the following antibody classes with their primary functions:

Match the following characteristics with the corresponding antibody class:

Match the following functions with the corresponding antibody class:

Match the following antibody classes with their locations in the body:

Match the following descriptions with the corresponding antibody class:

Match the following antibody class with their characteristics:

Match the following statements with the type of immunity they describe:

Match the following cell types with their roles in humoral immunity:

Match the following terms with their descriptions about antigen presentation:

Match the following immune system classes with their characteristics:

Match the antibody class with its primary function:

Match the antibody class with its characteristics:

Match the hypersensitivity type with its characteristics:

Match the autoimmune disease with its description:

Match the immunodeficiency disease with its characteristics:

Match the antibody class with its primary location in the body:

Match the antibody characteristic with its function:

Match the antibody class with its role in immunity:

Match the antibody class with its function in immunity:

Match the antibody characteristic with its role in immunity:

What is the role of Regulatory T cells in the immune system?

What are the primary targets of Cellular Immunity (CI)?

Where do T cells mature before they are deployed to the lymphatic organs?

What is the main process that occurs in the University of the Thymus to prepare T cells for immune responses?

What percentage of T cells that reach the thymus leave as immunocompetent T cells?

What are the two ways that T cells can fail the test presented by reticuloendothelial cells in the thymus?

Explain the life history stages of T cells in the body before they become immunocompetent.

What percentage of T cells that reach the thymus leave as immunocompetent T cells?

Differentiate between SCID and AIDS in terms of immune response deficiency.

What distinguishes Type IV hypersensitivity reactions from other types?

What distinguishes autoimmune diseases from immunodeficiency diseases?

Explain the difference between hypersensitivity reactions of Type I and Type IV.

What distinguishes SCID (Severe Combined Immunodeficiency) from HIV/AIDS in terms of immune response deficiency?

What is the primary characteristic feature of Type II hypersensitivity reactions?

Explain the difference between immunodeficiency diseases and hypersensitivity reactions.

Explain the difference between Type I (Acute) and Type III (Sub-acute) hypersensitivity reactions.

Describe the characteristics and treatment of autoimmune diseases.

What distinguishes Type IV (Delayed) hypersensitivity reactions from other types of hypersensitivity?

Discuss the characteristics and impact of Severe Combined Immunodeficiency Disease (SCID) and Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome (AIDS).

Explain the transmission, symptoms, and treatment options for HIV/AIDS.

Explain the difference between SCID and AIDS in terms of immune response deficiency.

Describe the primary mode of transmission of HIV/AIDS.

Explain the role of cytotoxic T cells in combating infections like HIV/AIDS.

Discuss the involvement of hypersensitivity reactions in promoting inflammatory responses.

Explain the difference between autoimmune diseases and immunodeficiency diseases.

______ are white blood cells that play a role in combating parasitic infections and are also involved in allergic reactions.

Neutrophils work by engulfing and destroying bacteria through a process called ______.

Basophils are a type of white blood cell that releases histamine, a compound involved in the body's ______ response.

______ are highly mobile and are among the first responders to sites of infection or tissue damage.

______ are essential for fighting off bacterial infections.

________ are a type of white blood cell that can differentiate into macrophages

Neutrophils and macrophages are the main types of __________ involved in phagocytosis

Chemical signals released by injured tissues attract __________ to the site of infection

________ is a crucial process in the body's immune response, particularly in the second line of defense

________ cells engulf and digest foreign particles like bacteria in the body's immune response

_____ cells are responsible for releasing histamine and heparin in response to allergic reactions or inflammation

During an infection, the body may induce ______ as a defense mechanism to help combat pathogens

_______ are white blood cells that play a crucial role in engulfing and digesting pathogens in the immune response

______ are known for their role in wound healing and tissue repair as part of the immune response

_______ cells are responsible for destroying infected cells and tumor cells in the immune system

The innate defenses include intact skin with an intact highly effective physical barrier and intact mucous membranes acting as a sticky, mucous barrier with various protective components such as nasal hairs, mucus, cilia, gastric juice, acid mantle of the vagina, tears, saliva, and urine, all contributing to immune protection. Neutrophils are a key part of the innate defense, as are eosinophils, basophils, and monocytes, which are referred to as ______ and have essential roles in the immune response.

Macrophages, which can be free and fixed, and their opsonization ______ are also integral components of the innate defenses.

The second line of defense includes antimicrobial proteins like interferons, which can save neighboring cells when defense is being breached by a pathogen. Antimicrobial proteins such as complement and ______ help police the body for any anomalies and turn infected cells into virus factories.

Fever is part of the inflammatory response and serves to prevent the spread of harmful agents, dispose of cellular debris, and alert the adaptive immune system, while also setting the stage for repair. The 4 cardinal signs of inflammation are redness, heat, swelling, pain, and potentially the loss of ______.

The immune system is a functional system with two arms that work together to monitor and protect, including the innate or non-specific and adaptive or specific defenses. The innate defenses include intact skin with an intact highly effective physical barrier and intact mucous membranes acting as a sticky, mucous barrier with various protective components. Neutrophils are a key part of the innate defense, as are eosinophils, basophils, and monocytes, which are referred to as phagocytes. Macrophages, which can be free and fixed, and their opsonization phagocytosis are also integral components of the innate defenses. The second line of defense includes antimicrobial proteins like interferons, which can save neighboring cells when defense is being breached by a pathogen. Antimicrobial proteins such as complement and natural killer cells help police the body for any anomalies and turn infected cells into virus factories. Fever is part of the inflammatory response and serves to prevent the spread of harmful agents, dispose of cellular debris, and alert the adaptive immune system, while also setting the stage for repair. The 4 cardinal signs of inflammation are redness, heat, swelling, ______, and potentially the loss of function.